Home Ranges and Body Size of Lizards

Turner, Frederick; Jennrich, Robert I.; Weintraub, Joseph R.

doi:10.2307/1936898

Cited by 177 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Home range and body size are also highly correlated in reptiles (29), yet reptiles of a given body size have experienced far slower rates of evolutionary change than have pladuring lactation (27). These bonds are especially strong and centals of comparable body size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social structuring of mammalian populations and rate of chromosomal evolution.

Wilson¹,

Bush²,

Case³

et al. 1975

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

255

134

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To test the hypothesis that the evolution of organisms is dependent to a large degree on gene rearrangement, we devised a way of estimating rates of evolutionary change in karyotype. This non-biochemical method is based on consideration of chromosomal variability within taxonomic groups having a fossil record. The results show that chromosomal evolution has been faster in placental mammals than in other vertebrates or molluscs. This finding is consistent with published evidence that placentals have also been evolving unusually fast in anatomy and way of life. However, the structural genes of placentals seem not to have experienced accelerated evolution. Possibly, therefore, anatomical evolution may be facilitated by gene rearrangement.To explain how placentals achieved this high rate of chromosomal evolution, we consider the process by which a new gene arrangement becomes fixed and spreads.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social structuring of mammalian populations and rate of chromosomal evolution.

Wilson¹,

Bush²,

Case³

et al. 1975

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

255

134

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“…The home range, which is the total area in which an individual of a particular species lives and wanders when active, and where it finds food, mates and shelter (Rose, 1982), varies considerably among lizard species, affected by some ecological factors (Turner et al, 1969). Some studies have shown that the size of a lizard's home range may be strongly influenced by the size of the animal (Turner et al, 1969;Christian & Waldschmidt, 1984;Van Sluys, 1997) or by its trophic level (Cristian & Waldschmidt, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that the size of a lizard's home range may be strongly influenced by the size of the animal (Turner et al, 1969;Christian & Waldschmidt, 1984;Van Sluys, 1997) or by its trophic level (Cristian & Waldschmidt, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range of the Tropidurid lizard Liolaemus lutzae: sexual and body size differences

Rocha¹

1999

Rev. Bras. Biol.

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The home range of the Tropidurid lizard Liolaemus lutzae, an endemic species of the costal sand dune habitats of Rio de Janeiro State, was studied in the beach habitat of Barra de Maricá restinga, Maricá County. Home ranges were studied using a mark-recapture technique in a delimited area at the beach habitat. I considered for estimates and analysis the home ranges of those lizards with a minimum of four positions. The size of L. lutzae home ranges varied according to the segment of the population. The mean home range size of adult males (x = 59.8 + 33.7 m 2 ) was significantly larger than that of adult females (x = 22.3 + 16.1 m 2 ). Juvenile mean home range size was significantly smaller than that of adult males, but did not differ from that of adult females (t = 1.058; p = 0.149). The overlap between male home ranges was usually low (3.6%), being in general only peripheral. Conversely, there was a considerable overlap between home ranges of adult females with those of adult males, the home range areas of two or three females being enclosed in the home range of one adult male. The small overlap between home ranges of adult males suggested mutual exclusion. The observed between-sex differences in the size of L. lutzae home range may be explained by the sexual dimorphism in body size in this species, and by the need of adult males to establish larger areas so as to include many females in their areas, during the reproductive season. The differences in home range along ontogeny probably result from differences in body size of the different segments of the population, due to trophic differences (carnivory and herbivory levels), and the dispersal of young after birth. Because L. lutzae is omnivorous, but primarily herbivorous when adult, and due to its sit-andwait foraging behavior (mainly on arthropods), it does not need to move around over large areas to find food, which in turn reduces the area necessary for it to live.Key words: home range, endemism, territory, lizard, restinga. RESUMO Área de vida do lagarto tropidurídeo Liolaemus lutzae: diferenças sexuais e no tamanho corporalA área de vida do lagarto tropidurídeo Liolaemus lutzae, espécie endêmica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, foi estudada no hábitat de praia da restinga da Barra de Maricá, Município de Maricá. A área de vida foi estudada através de marcação e recapturas sucessivas em uma área demarcada para o estudo. Foram consideradas, para as estimativas e para as análises, apenas as áreas de vida de lagartos para os quais foram obtidas quatro ou mais posições, de forma a preservar estimativas mais acuradas. Os dados mostraram que entre os adultos o tamanho médio da área de vida dos machos (59,8 + 33,7 m 2 ) foi superior a das fêmeas (22,3 + 16,1 m 2 ) . A área de vida de um macho pode incluir duas a três fêmeas. A área de vida dos jovens não diferiu significativamente daquela das fêmeas, mas foi inferior à dos machos adultos. Provavelmente, este padrão resulta das diferenças no tamanho corporal entre os diferentes segmentos da população, das di...

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“…In particular, are there any characteristics that might increase their vulnerability to human threats? Studies of other groups such as reef-dwelling mantis shrimps (Reaka, 1980), terrestrial birds (Schoener, 1968), lizards (Turner, Jennrich & Weintraub, 1969) and mammals (Harestad & Bunnell, 1979) have noted positive correlations between body size and range size. It is also widely acknowledged that in macroscopic marine animals there is a strong correlation between small body size, short planktonic stage and short dispersal periods resulting in restricted geographical distributions (Hansen, 1978;Reaka, 1980;Reaka & Manning, 1981;Strathmann & Strathmann, 1982;Jablonski & Lutz, 1983;Jablonski, 1986).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Restricted-range Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The threatened status of restricted-range coral reef fish species

Hawkins¹,

Roberts²,

Clark³

2000

Animal Conservation

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Coral reefs are the most diverse ecosystem in the sea. Throughout the world they are being overfished, polluted and destroyed, placing biodiversity at risk. To date, much of the concern over biodiversity loss has centred on local losses and the possibility of global extinction has largely been discounted. However, recent research has shown that 24% of reef fish species have restricted ranges (< 800 000 km 2 ), with 9% highly restricted (< 50 000 km 2 ). Restricted-range species are thought to face a greater risk of extinction than more widespread species since local impacts could cause global loss. We searched for information on status in the wild and characteristics of 397 restricted-range reef fish species. Fish body size, habitat requirements and usefulness to people were compared with those of a taxonomically-matched sample of more widespread species. We found that on average species with restricted ranges were significantly smaller (mean total length 19.1 cm versus 24.4 cm), tended to have narrower habitat requirements and were less used by people. Greater habitat specificity will tend to increase extinction risk while, if real, more limited usefulness (equivalent to exploitation) may reduce risk. Fifty-eight percent of restricted-range species were considered common/abundant in the wild and 42% uncommon/rare. Population status and threats to 319 species for which data were available were assessed according to the categories and criteria of the IUCN red list of threatened animals. A number of species were found to be rare, were exploited and had highly restricted ranges overlapping areas where reef degradation is particularly severe, placing them at a high risk of extinction. Five species were listed as Critically Endangered, two of them possibly already extinct in the wild, one as Endangered and 172 as Vulnerable. A further 126 species fell into Lower Risk categories and 11 were considered Data Deficient. Given the intensity of impacts to reefs, the broad geographical areas affected and the large numbers of restricted-range species, global extinctions seem likely. Urgent management action is now crucial for the survival of several species of reef fishes.

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Home Ranges and Body Size of Lizards

Cited by 177 publications

References 20 publications

Social structuring of mammalian populations and rate of chromosomal evolution.

Social structuring of mammalian populations and rate of chromosomal evolution.

Home range of the Tropidurid lizard Liolaemus lutzae: sexual and body size differences

The threatened status of restricted-range coral reef fish species

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