Holzatlas

Wagenführ, Rudi; Wagenführ, André

doi:10.3139/9783446468399.fm

Cited by 42 publications

(79 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, the density of mature wood was slightly higher, varying between 516 kg/m 3 (Celje) and 568 kg/m 3 (Planina). These values are also consistent with reference data for Douglas-fir wood ( Wagenfuhr, 2007 ; Poletti et al, 2019 ). The density of Douglas fir is slightly higher than the average density of Norway spruce from Slovenia (457 kg/m 3 ) and comparable to the density of Scots pine (578 kg/m 3 ; Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

et al. 2022

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Wood in outdoor applications is subject to various decomposition factors. Wood degradation can be prevented by construction details, biocide protection of wood, wood modification or selection of naturally durable species. Unfortunately, most species in Europe do not have naturally durable wood. Imported tree species represent a new pool from which we can draw wood species with better natural durability and better resilience towards climate change. The performance of wood when used outdoors depends on the biologically active compounds (extractives) and the water exclusion efficacy. Considering decay, presence of biologically active compounds and water exclusion efficacy, we can estimate the density, modulus of elasticity, extractive content and resistance dose, which reflects the material properties of wood. Recently, the most commonly used model for this purpose is Meyer-Veltrup. Literature data indicate that the durability of the wood from native and new sites is not always comparable, so it is necessary to determine the resistance of non-native wood species from new sites. This paper presents original data on the wood’s overall durability from American Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) grown in Slovenia. Experimental data show that the mature heartwood of Douglas fir is more durable than the wood of European larch (Larix decidua). Durability can be attributed to good water exclusion efficacy and inherent durability. Inherent durability is primarily the result of the high content of extractives. Based on the results, it can be concluded that American Douglas fir grown in Central Europe has a high potential for outdoor use.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The anatomy of Douglas-fir wood is typical of conifers, with a sharp transition from early- to latewood. Resin canals with thick-walled epithelial cells are present ( Wagenfuhr, 2007 ; Balanzategui et al, 2021 ; Figure 1 ). Annual ring widths varied from 1 cm in the juvenile wood to 1 mm in mature heartwood and in sapwood ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

et al. 2022

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“…Table 3 shows that untreated needles, bark, branches and samples after scCO 2 extraction possess a high ratio of macropores in the range of 90-96 % owing to the occurrence of tracheids, with diameters ranging from 18 to 54 µm for earlywood and from 12 to 25 µm for latewood [77]. The amount of micropores and mesopores in wood fractions is low, corresponding to results of Reyes et al [69].…”

Section: Pore Size and Porositysupporting

confidence: 61%

The effect of wood composition and supercritical CO2 extraction on charcoal production in ferroalloy industries

Surup

Hunt

Attard

et al. 2020

Energy

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“…MPa-33.4 MPa) andWagenführ (2007) (34 MPa), but is within the range speci ed in the standard (28 MPa-41 MPa)(EN 1534(EN :2020 for reference beech wood.The modulus of elasticity (MOE), the modulus of rupture (MOR) and the strain at break for each of the samples are also listed in Table2. The modulus of elasticity is comparable in samples B and BT (9510 MPa ± 1120 MPa and 10000 MPa ± 825 MPa, respectively), while the mineralised samples have a slightly lower modulus of elasticity (B Ca = 7450 MPa ± 2920 MPa and BT Ca = 9470 MPa ± 512 MPa), but the results are all within standard deviations of the mean.…”

mentioning

confidence: 58%

Environmentally friendly protection of European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) against fire and fungal decay using a combination of thermal modification and mineralisation

Repič

Pondelak

Kržišnik

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The demand for construction timber is continuously increasing, due to its excellent mechanical properties, renewable nature and easy accessibility. As it is flammable and susceptible to biodegradation, however, the adequate protection of wood is key to its successful use. Given that thermal modification enhances the durability of wood, and mineralisation with CaCO3 considerably improves its fire properties, it is worth considering the synergistic effects of the two methods combined. European beech (Fagus sylvatica) was selected for this study to determine the effects of a) thermal modification at 220 °C, b) mineralisation through the in-situ formation of CaCO3 inside the wood’s structure, and c) a combination of the two procedures, on resistance to decay fungi, reaction to fire and the mechanical properties of the wood. Microscopic analysis and comparisons of the samples before and after exposure to fungi were also conducted. Mineralised samples generally have a slightly alkaline pH value and a higher equilibrium moisture content, while thermal modification lowers the equilibrium moisture content. The mineralisation of beech wood significantly improved its reaction to fire and biological durability. We proved the synergistic effect of thermal modification and mineralisation: the best response to fire as well as resistance to fungi was achieved when the two treatments were combined. Results from the Brinell hardness and three-point bending tests indicate that both modification procedures can slightly impair the mechanical properties of the wood. Due to their favourable characteristics, such wood-inorganic composites have great potential for use in construction industry.

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Holzatlas

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

The effect of wood composition and supercritical CO2 extraction on charcoal production in ferroalloy industries

Environmentally friendly protection of European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) against fire and fungal decay using a combination of thermal modification and mineralisation

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