Holographic optical elements recorded in silver halide sensitized gelatin emulsions Part I Transmission holographic optical elements

Abstract

Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) holograms are similar to holograms recorded in dichromated gelatin (DCG), the main recording material for holographic optical elements (HOE's). The drawback of DCG is its low sensitivity and limited spectral response. Silver halide materials can be processed in such a way that the final hologram will have properties like a DCG hologram. Recently this technique has become more interesting since the introduction of new ultra-high-resolution silver halide emulsions. An optimized processing technique for transmission HOE's recorded in these materials is introduced. Diffraction efficiencies over 90% can be obtained for transmissive diffraction gratings. Understanding the importance of the selective hardening process has made it possible to obtain results similar to conventional DCG processing. The main advantage of the SHSG process is that high-sensitivity recording can be performed with laser wavelengths anywhere within the visible spectrum. This simplifies the manufacturing of high-quality, large-format HOE's.

Mechanism of hologram formation in fixation-free rehalogenating bleaching processes

“…The reason for these differences is the concentration of silver halide grains suspended in the gelatin of both emulsions. The concentration of silver halide grains inside the emulsion can be calculated according to the following expression 3,21 :…”

“…Silver halide emulsions are commonly used for recording holograms, mainly in display holography, numerous scientific applications, and in the fabrication of holographic optical elements. 3,4 This is due to their high sensitivity and ease of processing, the availability of improved processing chemistries, and commercial films. Holograms recorded on silver halide emulsions are commonly bleached to improve their diffraction efficiency.…”

Эффект Воздействия Коротковолнового УФ Излучения При Записи Голографических Структур На Содержащих Желатин Регистрирующих Средах (Обзор)

“…Наиболее распростра-нены различные технологии прямого и обращающего отбеливания фотоэмульсий [4-8], а также SHSG-метод (Silver Halide Sensitized Gelatin) [9][10][11][12][13]. Однако отбе-ливание фотоэмульсионного слоя приводит к низкой стабильности голографической структуры к воздействию света.…”

Effects of developing agents and activator on the diffraction efficiencies in a reversal bleached transmission hologram derived from Slavich PFG-01

“…They are widely used for recording holograms, mainly in the display holography, numerous scientific applications, and the fabrication of holographic optical elements. [1,2] Holograms recorded on silver halide emulsions are commonly bleached to increase the diffraction efficiency. Bleaching is one of the most popular techniques used to obtain phase holograms with high diffraction efficiencies from silver halide emulsions.…”