Holographic Beamforming for Ultra Massive MIMO With Limited Radiation Amplitudes: How Many Quantized Bits Do We Need?

Hu, Xinyuan; Deng, Ruoqi; Di, Boya; Zhang, Hongliang; Song, Lingyang

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2022.3151801

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It modeled the correlation by means of distance between considered points on the LIS surface, based on which the closed-form expression of the achievable rate was derived. Reference [213] examined how quantization of an amplitude controlled reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) impacts the sum-rate of a downlink RHS-assisted multi-user system. They presented a lower bound of the sum-rate in terms of the quantization, and unveiled the required minimum quantized bits accordingly.…”

Section: Los (Near-field)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) surface (HMIMOS), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. An HMIMOS is an ultra-thin and nearly continuous aperture that incorporates reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMOS opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMOS-based wireless systems are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and critical technical challenges with holographic MIMO communications need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the holographic MIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMOS systems. We also compare HMIMOS systems with conventional multi-antenna technologies, especially massive MIMO systems, present various promising synergies of HMIMOS with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMOS-empowered wireless applications.

show abstract

Section: Los (Near-field)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Vinieratou²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[231] Single UE BS: LIS, UE: single-antenna CPS, UPA LOS (Near-/far-field) Analyze the effect of hardware impairments on the achievable rate using a simplified receiver structure. [232] Downlink multiple UEs BS: RHS, UE: Single-antenna UPA LOS (Far-field)…”

Section: B Hmimo Performance Analysis 1) Dofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation was modeled by means of distance between considered points on the LIS surface, based on which the closed-form expression of the achievable rate was derived. Moreover, a research on the impact of quantization of amplitude controlled reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) on the sum-rate of a downlink RHS-assisted multi-user system was conducted in [232]. They presented a lower bound of the sum-rate in terms of quantization, and unveiled the required minimum quantized bits accordingly.…”

Section: B Hmimo Performance Analysis 1) Dofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Gong¹,

Gavriilidis²,

Ji³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Future wireless systems are envisioned to create an endogenously holography-capable, intelligent, and programmable radio propagation environment, that will offer unprecedented capabilities for high spectral and energy efficiency, low latency, and massive connectivity. A potential and promising technology for supporting the expected extreme requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems is the concept of the holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO), which will actualize holographic radios with reasonable power consumption and fabrication cost. The HMIMO is facilitated by ultra-thin, extremely large, and nearly continuous surfaces that incorporate reconfigurable and sub-wavelength-spaced antennas and/or metamaterials. Such surfaces comprising dense electromagnetic (EM) excited elements are capable of recording and manipulating impinging fields with utmost flexibility and precision, as well as with reduced cost and power consumption, thereby shaping arbitrary-intended EM waves with high energy efficiency. The powerful EM processing capability of HMIMO opens up the possibility of wireless communications of holographic imaging level, paving the way for signal processing techniques realized in the EM-domain, possibly in conjunction with their digital-domain counterparts. However, in spite of the significant potential, the studies on HMIMO communications are still at an initial stage, its fundamental limits remain to be unveiled, and a certain number of critical technical challenges need to be addressed. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the HMIMO communications paradigm, with a special focus on their physical aspects, their theoretical foundations, as well as the enabling technologies for HMIMO systems. We also compare the HMIMO with existing multi-antenna technologies, especially the massive MIMO, present various promising synergies of HMIMO with current and future candidate technologies, and provide an extensive list of research challenges and open directions for future HMIMO-empowered wireless applications.

show abstract

“…Therefore, utilizing the integrated sensing, localization, and communication in holographic MIMO, the communication performances can be improved with lower power consumption and higher signal-tointerference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) that ensure the generation of the effective holographic beamforming for serving the heterogeneous users [3], [8], [9], [22]. In addition, holographic grids assisted mMIMO can be incorporated with the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications system to improve the communication performances of the next-generation wireless networks by means of effective holographic beamforming [23], [24]. Consequently, HMIMO can be considered as a potential candidate for generating effective holographic beamforming utilizing integrated sensing, localization, and communication in the next-generation wireless communication networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Sensing, Localization, and Communication in Holographic MIMO-enabled Wireless Network: A Deep Learning Approach

ADHIKARY¹,

Munir²,

Raha³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impending sixth-generation wireless communication networks are anticipated to guarantee mass connectivity, high integration, and lower power consumption for generating the required beamforming. To achieve these goals, an artificial intelligence (AI) framework is proposed by utilizing holographic MIMO-assisted integrated sensing, localization, and communication. The proposed AI framework ensures lower power consumption to activate the minimum number of grids from the holographic grid array for the generation of holographic beamforming. An optimization problem is formulated to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio received by the users, which in turn maximizes the utility function for sensing considering the user distances, beampattern gains, sensingcommunication loss, and dense locations controlling parameter. A novel AI-based framework is proposed to solve the formulated NP-hard optimization problem by decomposing it into two subproblems: the sensing problem and the communication resource allocation problem. First, a variational autoencoder (VAE) based mechanism is devised to solve the sensing problem mitigating the disputes to obtain the users’ exact location. Second, a sequential neural network-based scheme is utilized to allocate the communication resources to the heterogeneous users for generating the desired beamforming based on the findings of the VAE-based mechanism. Moreover, an extreme case power allocation strategy is presented once a large number of users enter the system. The extreme case power allocation strategy applies when the total power prediction exceeds the total system power for allocating the communication resources to the users. Finally, simulation results validate that the proposed AI-based framework outperforms the long short-term memory method with a cumulative power savings of 34.02% taking the ground truth power into account. Therefore, the proposed AI framework generates effective beamforming to serve the communication users.

show abstract

Holographic Beamforming for Ultra Massive MIMO With Limited Radiation Amplitudes: How Many Quantized Bits Do We Need?

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions

Integrated Sensing, Localization, and Communication in Holographic MIMO-enabled Wireless Network: A Deep Learning Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About