Holocene winter climate variability in mid-latitude western North America

Ersek, Vasile; Clark, Peter U.; Mix, Alan C; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence

doi:10.1038/ncomms2222

Cited by 55 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Variation in the individual d 18 O records has previously been attributed to effects of changing local temperature, precipitation, moisture sources and storm tracks driven by large-scale climate modes 10,[14][15][16] . The significant anticorrelated variation identified here for the western and eastern regions suggests that these records are responding to a common, large-scale climatic teleconnection between the regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydroclimatic variability in continental North America is closely linked to the large-scale circulation, and a large number of studies have previously related regional palaeoclimatic change to storm tracks and moisture transport [10][11][12][13][14][15]17,25,29 . Our work suggests strong, continental-scale coherency in these changes at centennial to millennial scales throughout the past 8,000 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average analytical uncertainty (2s) for the individual age determinations was 49 years 15 . The OCNM speleothem age model was derived from 29 high-precision U/Th dates using Markov Chain Monte-Carlo sampling and Bayesian statistics 14 . The average uncertainty (2s) for the individual age determinations through the period of record used here was 140 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average uncertainty (2s) for the individual age determinations through the period of record used here was 140 years. The Lake Grinnell sediment core was dated using seven accelerator mass spectrometry 14 C determinations on terrestrial plant macrofossils, with an average uncertainty (2s, calibrated age) throughout the period of record used here of 49 years 16 . Ages were assigned using a fourth-order polynomial curve fit to these data, with a fixed surface age ( À 55 cal year BP ¼ 2005 AD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). We compare well-dated, independent palaeoisotope proxy records situated within the western (Oregon Caves National Monument (OCNM) speleothem 14 and Lake Jellybean sediment 10 ; sites 2 and 4 in Fig. 1 and Supplementary Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Paired oxygen isotope records reveal modern North American atmospheric dynamics during the Holocene

et al. 2014

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The Pacific North American (PNA) teleconnection has a strong influence on North American climate. Instrumental records and century-scale reconstructions indicate an accelerating tendency towards the positive PNA state since the mid-1850s, but much less is known about long-term PNA variability. Here we reconstruct PNA-like climate variability during the mid-and late Holocene using paired oxygen isotope records from two regions in North America with robust, anticorrelated isotopic response to the modern PNA. We identify mean states of more negative and positive PNA-like climate during the mid-and late Holocene, respectively. Superimposed on the secular change between states is a robust, quasi-200-year oscillation, which we associate with the de Vries solar cycle. These findings suggest the persistence of PNA-like climate variability throughout the mid-and late Holocene, provide evidence for modulation of PNA over multiple timescales and may help researchers de-convolve PNA pattern variation from other factors reflected in palaeorecords.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Paired oxygen isotope records reveal modern North American atmospheric dynamics during the Holocene

et al. 2014

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Ocean-atmosphere forcing of centennial hydroclimate variability in the Pacific Northwest

Steinman

Abbott

Mann

et al. 2014

Geophys. Res. Lett.

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Reconstructing centennial timescale hydroclimate variability during the late Holocene is critically important for understanding large-scale patterns of drought and their relationship with climate dynamics. We present sediment oxygen isotope records spanning the last two millennia from 10 lakes, as well as climate model simulations, indicating that the Little Ice Age was dry relative to the Medieval Climate Anomaly in much of the Pacific Northwest of North America. This pattern is consistent with observed associations between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Northern Annular Mode, and drought as well as with proxy-based reconstructions of Pacific and Atlantic ocean-atmosphere variations over the past 1000 years. The large amplitude of centennial variability indicated by the lake data suggests that regional hydroclimate is characterized by longer-term shifts in ENSO-like dynamics and that an improved understanding of the centennial timescale relationship between external forcing and drought is necessary for projecting future hydroclimatic conditions in western North America.

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High resolution lake sediment record reveals self‐organized criticality in erosion processes regulated by internal feedbacks

Colombaroli

Gavin

Morey

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Reconstruction of high-frequency erosion variability beyond the instrumental record requires well-dated, highresolution proxies from sediment archives. We used computed tomography (CT) scans of finely laminated silt layers from a lake-sediment record in southwest Oregon to quantify the magnitude of natural landscape erosion events over the last 2000 years in order to compare with palaeorecords of climate, forest fire, and seismic triggers. Sedimentation rates were modeled from an age-depth relationship fit through five 14 C dates and the 1964 AD 137 Cs peak in which deposition time (yr mm -1 ) varied inversely with the proportion of silt sediment measured by the CT profile. This model resulted in pseudo-annual estimates of silt deposition for the last 2000 years. Silt accumulation during the past 80 years was strongly correlated with river-discharge at annual and decadal scales, revealing that erosion was highly responsive to precipitation during the logging era (1930-present). Before logging the frequency-magnitude relationship displayed a power-law distribution that is characteristic of complex feedbacks and selfregulating mechanisms. The 100-year and 10-year erosion magnitude estimated in a 99-year moving window varied by 1.7 and 1.0 orders of magnitude, respectively. Decadal erosion magnitude was only moderately positively correlated with a summer temperature reconstruction over the period 900-1900 AD. Magnitude of the seven largest events was similar to the cumulative silt accumulation anomaly, suggesting these events 'returned the system' to the long-term mean rate. Instead, the occurrence of most erosion events was related to fire (silt layers preceded by high charcoal concentration) and earthquakes (the seven thickest layers often match paleo-earthquake dates). Our data show how internal (i.e. sediment production) and external processes (natural fires or more stochastic events such as earthquakes) co-determine erosion regimes at millennial time scales, and the extent to which such processes can be offset by recent large-scale deforestation by logging.

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Holocene winter climate variability in mid-latitude western North America

Cited by 55 publications

References 49 publications

Paired oxygen isotope records reveal modern North American atmospheric dynamics during the Holocene

Paired oxygen isotope records reveal modern North American atmospheric dynamics during the Holocene

Ocean-atmosphere forcing of centennial hydroclimate variability in the Pacific Northwest

High resolution lake sediment record reveals self‐organized criticality in erosion processes regulated by internal feedbacks

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