Holocene warming and evergreen/deciduous forest replacement across eastern China

Holocene Variability of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation Inferred From Chinese Speleothem δ18O Records

“…This results in a response lag of AM maximum (7.4-8.0 ka BP in this study) reaching the summer insolation peak in the early Holocene (Figure 4c). This finding aligns with observations of different behaviors before and after the 8.2 ka BP event, as evidenced by changes in pollenbased monsoon rainfall (F. , biome replacement (Zheng et al, 2023), and paleo-δ 18 O inferred moisture supply in Eastern China (Tian et al, 2023) (Figures 4d-4f). Collectively, these results jointly point out that the early to-middle Holocene alteration at around 8.2 ka BP is a key demarcation for hydroclimatic and vegetation changes.…”

“…(d) Pollen‐inferred precipitation record from Lake Gonghai (F. Chen et al., 2015). (e) Combined pollen data of the evergreen broadleaved tree in the subtropical zone of the Northern Hemisphere (5‐point moving average in brown) (Zheng et al., 2023). (f) Cave δ 18 O record from southern Oman (Tian et al., 2023).…”

“…Previous studies have reported that SST anomalies in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans can affect global hydroclimate conditions (Geng et al, 2023;Moy et al, 2002), vegetation replacement (Y. Cheng et al, 2022;Zheng et al, 2023), and cultural development (D. Xu et al, 2019).…”

“…The Holocene (11,700 years ago to the present), the most recent geological period, has undergone significant climatic evolution as a consequence of human civilization (F. Chen et al., 2020; F. Duan et al., 2023; Kathayat et al., 2022; Kennett et al., 2022; Tan et al., 2021). Previous studies have reported that SST anomalies in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans can affect global hydroclimate conditions (Geng et al., 2023; Moy et al., 2002), vegetation replacement (Y. Cheng et al., 2022; Zheng et al., 2023), and cultural development (D. Xu et al., 2019). To date, only a limited number of PDO and AMO reconstructions exist for the Holocene epoch (Asmerom et al., 2007; Ayache et al., 2018), and these reconstructions often suffer from low resolution.…”

“…(c) Northern Hemisphere summer insolation (NHSI, red line) at 30°N(Berger, 1978) and global ice volume (blue line)(Lambeck et al, 2014) with AM reconstruction in this study (black line). (d) Pollen-inferred precipitation record from Lake Gonghai (F.. (e) Combined pollen data of the evergreen broadleaved tree in the subtropical zone of the Northern Hemisphere (5-point moving average in brown)(Zheng et al, 2023). (f) Cave δ 18 O record from southern Oman(Tian et al, 2023).…”