Holocene Paleointensity of the Island of Hawai `i From Glassy Volcanics

Cromwell, G.; Trusdell, Frank A.; Tauxe, Lisa; Staudigel, Hubert; Ron, Hagai

doi:10.1002/2017gc006927

Cited by 15 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(252 reference statements)

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“…Cromwell et al (2015) demonstrated its robustness by reanalyzing the original measurement-level data obtained from the Kilauea 1960 lava by Yamamoto et al (2003) with the CCRIT and observed an improvement of the site mean from 49.0 ± 9.6 µT (N = 17) to 39.1 ± 5.0 µT (N = 8), which is reasonably consistent with the expected field intensity of 36.2 µT. Cromwell et al (2017) recently obtained 22 new site-mean paleointensities by the IZZI Thellier method with the CCRIT from newly collected glassy volcanic materials from Holocene surface lavas on the island of Hawaii. They compared these data to the previously published data based on cumulative distribution function (CDF) diagrams together with six sitemean paleointensities of the same quality that were obtained from historical surface lavas on the island of Hawaii by Cromwell et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…As reviewed in section Introduction, Cromwell et al (2017) found that the CDF curve of the IZZI dataset (median of 43.5 µT, N = 28) was shifted to lower paleointensity values than those of the published Thellier-type data (median of 54.5 µT, N = 74) for the Holocene. Because the IZZI dataset was obtained by the modern technique and the stringent criteria, paleointensity in Hawaii during Holocene is thought to be more reliably characterized by the IZZI dataset.…”

Section: Holocene Paleointensity Variation In Hawaiimentioning

confidence: 83%

“…These results indicate that the CoeThellier method with ordinary selection criteria can sometimes result in high paleointensities compared with those of the Tsunakawa-Shaw method and the Coe-Thellier method with CCRIT. Interestingly, it is reported in Cromwell et al (2017) that the published Thellier-type data resulted in a higher median of 54.5 µT (N = 74) than the 43.5 µT (N = 28) median value from the IZZI Thellier data with CCRIT for Holocene Hawaiian lavas.…”

Section: Discussion Direct Comparison Of the Site-mean Paleointensitimentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The sites are indicated by red circles (adopted for the TS dataset, section Tsunakawa-Shaw Paleointensity) and pink triangles (not adopted for the TS dataset) for this study (detailed locations are listed in Table 1) together with their site numbers. The sites for Cromwell et al (2015Cromwell et al ( , 2017 are also shown by yellow squares (adopted for the IZZI dataset).…”

Section: Tsunakawa-shaw Paleointensity Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As pointed out by Cromwell et al (2017), the island of Hawaii is one of the most studied subaerial locations in the world for Holocene volcanic paleointensity. Many published data from the island are accessible in paleointensity databases, such as GEOMAGIA (Korhonen et al, 2008;Brown et al, 2015) and MagIC .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleointensity Study on the Holocene Surface Lavas on the Island of Hawaii Using the Tsunakawa–Shaw Method

Yamamoto

Ryo

2018

Front. Earth Sci.

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Investigating volcanic paleointensity during the Holocene is important for linking archeointensity and sedimentary paleointensity. Across the globe, the island of Hawaii is one of the most studied subaerial locations. Many published data from Hawaii are accessible in the paleointensity databases, but it is necessary to reassess these data because they were determined with experimental protocols not incorporating a modern test for multi-domain particles and with relatively loose selection criteria. To obtain a new paleointensity dataset based on coercivity spectra rather than blocking temperature spectra, we applied the Tsunakawa-Shaw method to Holocene surface lavas collected from 34 sites on the island of Hawaii. In total, 135 successful results were obtained after applying the specimen-level selection criteria, yielding 22 site-mean Tsunakawa-Shaw paleointensities (TS dataset) that fulfilled the site-level selection criteria. We compared the TS dataset with the IZZI dataset, which includes recently reported blocking-temperature-based paleointensities determined by the IZZI Thellier method with the stringent criteria CCRIT. The cumulative distribution function (CDF) curve of the TS dataset, except for three sites, almost overlaps that of the IZZI dataset, and the medians coincide with each other, 42.9 µT (N = 19) for the TS dataset and 43.5 µT (N = 28) for the IZZI dataset. The coincidence of the CDF curves suggests equivalent reliability of the Tsunakawa-Shaw method and the IZZI Thellier method. The Holocene paleointensity variation in Hawaii is thought to be reliably characterized by both the TS dataset and the IZZI dataset: overall, the paleointensity throughout the Holocene is suggested to be higher than the present-day field. It is also inferred that there are possible decadal-and centennial-timescale large-intensity variations between ∼1,800 and ∼2,000 cal BP, and between ∼3,000 and ∼3,500 cal BP. The latter variation might be inferred as a global-scale dipolar phenomenon, as consistent paleointensity results are reported from archaeological sources in the Levant by the IZZI Thellier method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Holocene Paleointensity Variation In Hawaiimentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussion Direct Comparison Of the Site-mean Paleointensitimentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Tsunakawa-shaw Paleointensity Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleointensity Study on the Holocene Surface Lavas on the Island of Hawaii Using the Tsunakawa–Shaw Method

Yamamoto

Ryo

2018

Front. Earth Sci.

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Paleointensity From Subaerial Basaltic Glasses From the Second Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project (HSDP2) Core and Implications for Possible Bias in Data From Lava Flow Interiors

2017

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In this study, we collected samples from subaerial basaltic glassy margins from the second Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project (HSDP2) core. We employed the rigorous “IZZI” method during the paleointensity experiment combined with the stringent “CCRIT” criteria for data selection to obtain 21 robust paleointensity estimates recorded by glassy margins from 20 lava flows. We compared our new results to published paleointensities from the interiors of the lava flows from HSDP2 and found that our data are systematically lower than those from the interiors of the same lava flows. The reasons for the discrepancy in intensity are still unclear, but one possibility that could not be absolutely excluded is the effect of cooling rate on the more slowly cooled lava flow interiors. Although our new data from the glassy margins are lower than those from the lava flow interiors, they are still overall higher than the expected field of the study site calculated from a geocentric axial dipole model with an ancient average field of 42 ZAm2, either because of a long‐term local anomaly of the field in Hawaii or an insufficient age distribution of our new data (e.g., missing the time period with low field intensities).

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Paleointensity Estimates From Ignimbrites: The Bishop Tuff Revisited

Avery

Gee

Bowles

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Volcanic ash flow tuffs (ignimbrites) may contain single domain‐sized (titano) magnetite that should be good for recording geomagnetic field intensity, but due to their complex thermal histories also contain other magnetic grains, which can complicate and obscure paleointensity determination. An initial study of the suitability of the ~767 ka Bishop Tuff for measuring paleointensity found an internally consistent estimate of 43.0 ± 3.2 μT. This initial study also showed a spatial heterogeneity in reliable paleointensity estimates that is possibly associated with vapor‐phase alteration and fumarolic activity, which motivated resampling of the Bishop Tuff to examine spatial changes in magnetic properties. Three new stratigraphic sections of the Bishop Tuff within the Owens River gorge were sampled, and the paleointensity results from the initial study in the same locality were reinterpreted. The mean of all sites is 41.9 ± 11.8 μT; this agrees with the initial study's finding but with substantially greater scatter. Two sections show evidence of vapor‐phase alteration where the presence of titanohematite, likely carrying a thermochemical remanence, produces nonideal behavior. This thermochemical remanence in the upper portion of the section also produces some paleointensity estimates of technically high quality that have significantly higher intensity than the rest of the tuff. Our best estimate for paleointensity, 39.6 ± 9.9 μT, comes from the densely welded ignimbrite that was emplaced above the Curie temperature of magnetite. The low permeability of this unit likely shielded it from vapor‐phase alteration. Our results suggest that care must be taken in interpreting paleointensity data from large tuffs as nonthermal remanence may be present.

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Holocene Paleointensity of the Island of Hawai `i From Glassy Volcanics

Cited by 15 publications

References 72 publications

Paleointensity Study on the Holocene Surface Lavas on the Island of Hawaii Using the Tsunakawa–Shaw Method

Paleointensity Study on the Holocene Surface Lavas on the Island of Hawaii Using the Tsunakawa–Shaw Method

Paleointensity From Subaerial Basaltic Glasses From the Second Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project (HSDP2) Core and Implications for Possible Bias in Data From Lava Flow Interiors

Paleointensity Estimates From Ignimbrites: The Bishop Tuff Revisited

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