Holocene history of the River Seine, Paris, France: bio-chronostratigraphic and geomorphological evidence from the Quai-Branly

Chaussé, Christine; Leroyer, Chantal; Girardclos, Olivier; Allenet, Gisèle; Pion, Patrick; Raymond, Pascal

doi:10.1177/0959683608093535

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The average elevation of the city is 30 m a.s.l. The Seine River with a total length of 13 km inside of Paris crosses the city from northwest to southeast, dividing it into two sections [48].…”

Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Groundwater Temperatures in Paris, France

et al. 2019

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Subsurface temperature data is usually only accessible as point information with a very limited number of observations. To spatialize these isolated insights underground, we usually rely on interpolation methods. Unfortunately, these conventional tools are in many cases not suitable to be applied to areas with high local variability, like densely populated areas, and in addition are very vulnerable to uneven distributions of wells. Since thermal conditions of the surface and shallow subsurface are coupled, we can utilize this relationship to estimate shallow groundwater temperatures from satellite-derived land surface temperatures. Here, we propose an estimation approach that provides spatial groundwater temperature data and can be applied to natural, urban, and mixed environments. To achieve this, we combine land surface temperatures with anthropogenic and natural processes, such as downward heat transfer from buildings, insulation through snow coverage, and latent heat flux in the form of evapotranspiration. This is demonstrated for the city of Paris, where measurements from as early as 1977 reveal the existence of a substantial subsurface urban heat island (SUHI) with a maximum groundwater temperature anomaly of around 7 K. It is demonstrated that groundwater temperatures in Paris can be well predicted with a root mean squared error of below 1 K by means of satellite-derived land surface images. This combined approach is shown to improve existing estimation procedures that are focused either on rural or on urban conditions. While they do not detect local hotspots caused by small-scaled heat sources located underground (e.g., sewage systems and tunnels), the findings for the city of Paris for the estimation of large-scale thermal anomalies in the subsurface are promising. Thus, the new estimation procedure may also be suitable for other cities to obtain a more reliable insight into the spatial distribution of urban ground and groundwater temperatures.

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Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Groundwater Temperatures in Paris, France

et al. 2019

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. knowledge of past climate and river ecosystem variability is rapidly growing, benefiting from reconstructions of river flow and erosion from natural archives (Chaussé et al, 2008;Torbenson et al, 2021;Büntgen et al, 2021;Schöne et al, 2020;Strelnikova et al, 2023). The organization of a hypothetical research infrastructure is illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Building Integrated Observation Platforms To Address the Uphmentioning

confidence: 99%

HESS Opinions: Towards a common vision for the future of hydrological observatories

Nasta,

Blöschl,

Bogena

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. The Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) initiative has emphasized the need to establish networks of multi-decadal hydrological observatories to tackle catchment-scale challenges on a global scale. The already existing monitoring infrastructures have provided an enormous amount of hydrometeorological data, which has helped gain detailed insights into the causality of hydrological processes, test scientific theories and hypotheses, and reveal the physical laws governing catchment behavior. Nevertheless, we are still a long way from being able to fully unravel all the mysteries of hydrological processes to solve practical water-related problems. Hydrological monitoring programs have often produced limited outcomes because of the intermittent availability of financial resources and the substantial efforts required to operate observatories and conduct comparative studies to advance previous findings. Recently, some initiatives have emerged aiming at coordinating data acquisition and hypothesis testing to facilitate an efficient cross-site synthesis of findings. To this end, a common vision and practical data management solutions need to be developed. This opinion paper provocatively discusses two end members of possible future hydrological observatory (HO) networks for a given hypothesized community budget: a comprehensive set of moderately instrumented observatories or, alternatively, a small number of highly instrumented super-sites. A network of moderately instrumented, hydrological monitoring sites distributed across the globe would provide broad spatial coverage across the major pedoclimatic regions, help address UPH about the impact of climate and social systems (e.g., land use change and global warming) on water resources, and enhance the potential for knowledge transfer. However, the moderate instrumentation at each site may hamper an in-depth understanding of complex hydrological processes. In contrast, a few extensively instrumented research sites would allow for community-based experiments in an unprecedented manner, thereby providing more fundamental insights into complex, non-linear processes modulated by scale-dependent feedback and multiscale spatio-temporal heterogeneity. Lumping resources has proven to be an effective strategy in other geosciences, e.g. for research vessels in oceanography and drilling programs in geology. On the downside, a few catchments will not be representative of all pedoclimatic regions, necessitating the consideration of generalization issues. A discussion on the relative merits and limitations of these two visions on HOs is presented with the objective of building consensus on the optimal path for the hydrological community to address the UPH in the coming decades. A final synthesis proposes the potential for combining the two end members into a flexible management strategy.

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“…Several case studies on the historic transformation of riverscapes were conducted with regard to the western and central European context. But these studies differed greatly in their methodological approach and spatial focus (e.g., Chaussé et al., ; Hesselink, ; Hohensinner et al., ; Leitholdt et al., 2002). As a specific matter besides historic floods and structural floodplain changes (e.g., Brown, ; Howard, Macklin and Passmore, ; Lewin, ), some studies shed light on the manifold effects of historic damming by the operation of watermills, such as reservoir construction, sediment budgeting, and water level changes, as well as socio‐ecological consequences (e.g., Bishop, Muñoz‐Salinas, MacKenzie, Pulford and McKibbin, ; Bleile, ; Brykala & Podgorski, ; Downward & Skinner, ; Lüth, ; Oliver, ; Rynne, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large‐scale medieval dam‐lake cascade in central Europe: Water level dynamics of the Havel River, Berlin–Brandenburg region, Germany

et al. 2017

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An interdisciplinary study was carried out to trace the hydrological changes of the Havel River in northeastern central Europe over the last ca. 2000 years. This research was driven by the hypothesis that the present‐day riverscape is to a large degree a result of medieval and modern human transformation of the drainage system. The river system forms a series of dammed lakes and river sections that were greatly altered through hydraulic engineering in the past. Along the middle course of the Havel, 16 sedimentary sequences available for geoarchaeological and paleoecological research were analyzed in order to reconstruct regional water level dynamics. Chronological control was ensured through a multitude of palynological, dendrochronological, archaeological, and radiocarbon data. The sections upriver from the Brandenburg/H. and Spandau weirs, representing sites with historic watermills, reveal substantial water level changes during the late Holocene. Generally, lower water levels before and higher levels during the medieval German colonization of that area (ca. A.D. 1180/1250) can be inferred. This water level increase, which is primarily attributed to dams constructed for watermills and secondarily due to a multitude of fish weirs, took place rapidly and amounted to a relative height of ca. 1.5 m. It enlarged the river's cross‐sections and increased the size of existing lakes or initiated secondary lakes that previously aggraded, and thus caused flooding of large parts of land. The rising water level even influenced the settlement topography to a large degree. Several medieval rural settlements were abandoned due to flooding. In total, a ca. 150‐km long dammed lake cascade was formed.

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Holocene history of the River Seine, Paris, France: bio-chronostratigraphic and geomorphological evidence from the Quai-Branly

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Estimation of Groundwater Temperatures in Paris, France

Estimation of Groundwater Temperatures in Paris, France

HESS Opinions: Towards a common vision for the future of hydrological observatories

A large‐scale medieval dam‐lake cascade in central Europe: Water level dynamics of the Havel River, Berlin–Brandenburg region, Germany

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