Holocene forearc block rotation in response to seamount subduction, southeastern Península de Nicoya, Costa Rica

Gardner, Thomas W.; Marshall, Jeffrey S.; Merritts, Dorothy J.; Bee, Bhavani; Burgette, Reed J.; Burton, Emily; Cooke, Jennifer; Kehrwald, Natalie; Protti, Marino; Fisher, Donald M.; Sak, Peter B.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0151:hfbrir>2.0.co;2

Cited by 61 publications

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“…The subduction of the Cocos Ridge and seamounts has caused substantial subduction erosion of the outer forearc . Additionally, the overthickened Cocos Ridge is more buoyant than normal oceanic crust and has uplifted the Osa Peninsula and the Quepos region (Gardner et al, 1992(Gardner et al, , 2001Fisher et al, 1998;Sak et al, 2004). Cocos Ridge subduction is also manifested in changes to the dip and depth of the Wadati-Benioff Zone.…”

Section: The Cocos Ridge and Subducting Cocos Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Expedition 344 summary

Li¹,

Malinverno²,

Torres³

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the IODP

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Expedition 344 summaryProc. IODP | Volume 344 2 from velocity-strengthening to velocity-weakening friction, and shear becomes localized. The onset of seismogenic behavior is correlated with the intersection of the 100°-150°C isotherm and the subduction thrust (Hyndman et al., 1997;Oleskevich et al., 1999). With increasing depth down the subduction thrust, the frictional characteristics undergo a second transition either due to the juxtaposition with the forearc mantle or because the rocks are heated to 350°-450°C and can no longer store elastic stresses needed for rupture. Transitional regions between the three zones have conditional stability and can host rupture but are generally not thought to be regions where large earthquakes initiate.Although this three-zone two-dimensional view of the subduction thrust provides a reasonable framework, it is simplistic. Rupture models for large subduction earthquakes suggest significant fault plane heterogeneity in slip and moment release that in three dimensions is characterized as patchiness (Bilek and Lay, 2002). Additionally, we now know the transition zone from stable to unstable sliding is not simple but hosts a range of fault behaviors that includes creep events, strain transients, slow and silent earthquakes, and low-frequency earthquakes (Peng and Gomberg, 2010;Beroza and Ide, 2011;Ide, 2012).Fundamentally unknown are the processes that change fault behavior from stable sliding to stick-slip behavior. Understanding these processes is important for understanding earthquakes, the mechanics of slip, and rupture dynamics. For a fault to undergo unstable slip, fault rocks must have the ability to store elastic strain, be velocity weakening, and have sufficient stiffness. Hypotheses for mechanisms leading to the transition between stable and unstable slip invoke temperature, pressure, and strain-activated processes that lead to downdip changes in the mechanical properties of rocks. These transitions are also sensitive to fault zone composition, lithology, fabric, and fluid pressures.The composition of the material in the fault zone and its contrast with the surrounding wall rock play a key role in rock frictional behavior. The frictional state of the incoming sediment changes progressively with increasing temperature and pressure as it travels downdip. Important lithologic factors influencing friction are composition, fabric, texture, and cementation of rocks, as well as fluid pore pressure (Bernabé et al., 1992;Moore and Saffer, 2001;Beeler, 2007;Marone and Saffer, 2007;Collettini et al., 2009). For example, fault rocks with high phyllosilicate content are generally weaker than rocks with low phyllosilicate content (Ikari et al., 2011). Sediment properties including porosity, permeability, consolidation state, and alteration history also exert a strong influence on fault zone behavior. At erosive margins, where the plate boundary cuts into the overriding plate, the composition and strength of the upper plate is also important (McCaffrey, 1993).Field observations and la...

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Section: The Cocos Ridge and Subducting Cocos Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Expedition 344 summary

Li¹,

Malinverno²,

Torres³

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the IODP

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“…Wells et al (1988), Gardner et al (1992Gardner et al ( , 2001), Fisher et al (1994Fisher et al ( , 1998, Kolarsky et al (1995), von Huene et al (1995), y MacMillan et al (2004), entre otros, estudiaron los efectos tectónicos causados por la subducción de diversas batimetrías submarinas en el antearco costarricense. Al SW de la península de Nicoya destacan la formación de surcos profundos y protuberancias dómicas en el piso submarino von Huene et al, 1995).…”

Section: Marco Tectónicounclassified

“…Al SW de la península de Nicoya destacan la formación de surcos profundos y protuberancias dómicas en el piso submarino von Huene et al, 1995). Asimismo, la rotación alrededor de un eje vertical del S de la península de Nicoya, ha sido asociado con la subducción de montañas submarinas o con la decapitación de las mismas durante la subducción (Gardner et al, 2001).…”

Section: Marco Tectónicounclassified

“…Marshall & Anderson, 1995) y con la deformación causada por la subducción de montañas submarinas (p.e. Fisher et al, 1998;Gardner et al 2001;Sak et al, 2009). Asimismo, los vectores de velocidad horizontal obtenidos de las estaciones GPS en la península de Nicoya (denominado bloque del Antearco Centroamericano, Fig.…”

Section: Marco Tectónicounclassified

“…Estudios recientes han determinado que como consecuencia de la subducción de la serranía de Fisher, bajo la parte S de la península de Nicoya, ha ocurrido una rotación holóceni-ca alrededor de un eje horizontal en la misma (Gardner et al, 2001), levantamientos verticales (Fisher et al, 1998), y fallamiento neotectónico (Marshall et al, 2008;Montero & Denyer, 2008). En este estudio ampliamos los estudios anteriores reportando la existencia de un arreglo de fallas neotectónicas, distribuido dentro de la península de Nicoya, el cual ha sido identificado mediante análisis morfotectónico y complementado con datos geológicos y sismológicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Fallamiento neotectónico de la península de Nicoya y su relación con el escape tectónico del antearco centroamericano

Montero

Denyer

2011

Rev. Geol. Amér. Central

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A neotectonic array of faults has been determined in the Nicoya peninsula. In the central and NW sectors of the peninsula, blocks restricted by N-S trending dextral slip faults predominates. ENE sinistral slip faults and E-W oblique sinistral-reverse and NW pure reverse faults are confined to the dextral fault blocks. The previous spatial relationships between the different faults are explained by the north translation of this sector of the peninsula and the transrotation occurring inside the blocks. Sinistral and dextral slip faults with apparent similar relevance, and subordinate reverse faults have been mapped in the southern Nicoya peninsula. N and less probably E translational movements are inferred in this sector. The neotectonic faulting of the Nicoya peninsula is associated with the Cocos Ridge collision with the central and southern Costa Rica convergent margin, causing the tectonic escape to the NW of the Central American forearc sliver, parallel to the Middle America trench. Key words: Neotectonics, morphotectonics, seismotectonics, Nicoya, Costa Rica. RESUMEN:Se ha determinado un arreglo de fallas neotectónicas dentro de la península de Nicoya. En la parte central y NW de la península predominan bloques limitados por fallas de desplazamiento de rumbo dextral con rumbo N-S, dentro de los cuales se reconocen fallas sinestrales de rumbo ENE, oblicuas sinestrales-inversas con rumbo E-W e inversas de rumbo NW. Las anteriores relaciones espaciales entre los diversos tipos de fallas se explican por traslación al N de este sector de la península y la transrotación que ocurre dentro de los bloques. Las fallas cartografiadas en la zona S de la península se han interpretado como sinestrales y dextrales con una relevancia aparentemente similar, además se han definido fallas inversas subordinadas. Movimientos translacionales al N y menos probable al E se infieren en la misma. El arreglo de fallas neotectónicas de la península de Nicoya es asociado con la colisión de la cordillera del Coco bajo el margen convergente del centro y S de Costa Rica, el cual origina el escape tectónico del bloque del Antearco Centroamericano hacia el NW, paralelo a la fosa Mesoamericana.

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Rock uplift and exhumation of continental margins by the collision, accretion, and subduction of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic crust

Spikings

Simpson

2014

Tectonics

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Understanding the causes of rock and surface uplift is important because they control the location of mountain building, depocenters, and drainage characteristics and can influence climate. Here we combine previous thermochronological data with field observations to determine the amount of exhumation, rock, and surface uplift that occurs in the upper plate of Central and South American subduction zones during the collision, accretion, and subduction of oceanic plateaus and aseismic ridges. The collision of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic plateaus and ridges can drive at least 5 km of rock uplift within 2 Ma. Uplift appears to be an immediate response to collision and is generally independent of the slab dip. The amount of rock uplift is controlled mainly by excess topography associated with the ridge (ultimately linked to buoyancy) and erosion, while it is also influenced by the strength of the subduction interface related to the presence of volcanic asperities and overpressured sediments in the subduction channel. The quantity of exhumation is strongly dependant on climate-induced erosion and the lifespan over which the topography is uplifted and supported. Sediment draining into the trench may leave the elevated ridge axis sediment starved, increasing the shear stresses at the ridge subduction interface, leading to positive feedback between ridge subduction, rock uplift, and exhumation. Trench-parallel variations in exhumation have a direct impact on exploration paradigms for porphyry-related metalliferous deposits, and it is likely that porphyry systems are completely eroded by the impingement of plateaus and aseismic ridges within temperate and tropical climates.

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Holocene forearc block rotation in response to seamount subduction, southeastern Península de Nicoya, Costa Rica

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Expedition 344 summary

Expedition 344 summary

Fallamiento neotectónico de la península de Nicoya y su relación con el escape tectónico del antearco centroamericano

Rock uplift and exhumation of continental margins by the collision, accretion, and subduction of buoyant and topographically prominent oceanic crust

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