Holocene archeointensities from mid European ceramics, slags, burned sediments and cherts

Kapper, Kathrin Lisa; Donadini, F.; Hirt, Ann M.

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2014.12.006

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Here we used the GEOMAGIA50.v3 database (Donadini et al 2006;Korhonen et al 2008;Brown et al 2015) to which we added recent archeo-and paleointensity results (Cai et al 2014(Cai et al , 2015Cromwell et al 2015;de Groot et al 2015;Di Chiara et al 2014;Gallet et al 2008Gallet et al , 2009Gallet & Al Maqdissi 2010;Hong et al 2013;Kapper et al 2015;Kissel et al 2015;Osete et al 2015;Shaar et al 2015;Stillinger et al 2015). Concerning the data compiled in this version of GEOMAGIA, the Mesopotamian data from Nachasova & Burakov (1995 were modified according to .…”

Section: Appendix A: Gmag9k Axial Dipole Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxima

Usoskin

Gallet

Lopes

et al. 2016

A&A

124

183

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Aims. Cosmogenic isotopes provide the only quantitative proxy for analyzing the long-term solar variability over a centennial timescale. While essential progress has been achieved in both measurements and modeling of the cosmogenic proxy, uncertainties still remain in the determination of the geomagnetic dipole moment evolution. Here we aim at improving the reconstruction of solar activity over the past nine millennia using a multi-proxy approach. Methods. We used records of the 14 C and 10 Be cosmogenic isotopes, current numerical models of the isotope production and transport in Earth's atmosphere, and available geomagnetic field reconstructions, including a new reconstruction relying on an updated archeo-and paleointensity database. The obtained series were analyzed using the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method to study the millennial-scale trends. Results. A new reconstruction of the geomagnetic dipole field moment, referred to as GMAG.9k, is built for the last nine millennia. New reconstructions of solar activity covering the last nine millennia, quantified in terms of sunspot numbers, are presented and analyzed. A conservative list of grand minima and maxima is also provided. Conclusions. The primary components of the reconstructed solar activity, as determined using the SSA method, are different for the series that are based on 14 C and 10 Be. This shows that these primary components can only be ascribed to long-term changes in the terrestrial system and not to the Sun. These components have therefore been removed from the reconstructed series. In contrast, the secondary SSA components of the reconstructed solar activity are found to be dominated by a common ≈2400-year quasi-periodicity, the so-called Hallstatt cycle, in both the 14 C and 10 Be based series. This Hallstatt cycle thus appears to be related to solar activity. Finally, we show that the grand minima and maxima occurred intermittently over the studied period, with clustering near lows and highs of the Hallstatt cycle, respectively.

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Section: Appendix A: Gmag9k Axial Dipole Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxima

Usoskin

Gallet

Lopes

et al. 2016

A&A

124

183

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“…2013a, 2013b, 2014, 2015, 2016; Kapper et al . 2014, 2015; Genevey et al . 2019) enriched the Italian archaeomagnetic data set to a total of 103 directions and 49 intensities.…”

Section: Archaeomagnetic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Italian directional and intensity archaeomagnetic reference curves for the past 3000 years: Insights on secular variation and implications on dating

Tema

Lanos

2020

Archaeometry

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We present the first Italian reference secular variation curves for both direction and intensity that cover the last 3000 years. Strict selection criteria were applied to guarantee the collection of the most reliable data within a 1000 km radius of Viterbo, including archaeomagnetic records from archaeological material and volcanic rocks. The new curves are calculated using Bayesian statistics and they depict interesting geomagnetic field features, such as high‐intensity periods. These are the first curves for Italy, including both directional and intensity data, and they can be used as reference curves for archaeomagnetic dating, not only in Italy but also in nearby countries.

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“…This has important implications, because thermal treatment of chert improves its flaking properties (by helping fractures to propagate within the material, Domanski and Webb, 1992) and its identification can be used to constrain variable technological capabilities. Identification of burnt chert is important also because it can provide reliable paleointensity determinations (Kapper et al, 2015). In order to further examine the potential of environmental magnetic parameters for assessing chert quality and distinguishing source areas, new studies of archeologically relevant regions are necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Properties of Cherts from the Basque-Cantabrian Basin and Surrounding Regions: Archeological Implications

et al. 2016

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We present the first rock magnetic study of archeologically-relevant chert samples from the Basque-Cantabrian basin (BCB) and surrounding regions, which was conducted in order to test the usefulness of non-destructive magnetic properties for assessing chert quality, distinguishing source areas, and identifying heated samples in the archeological record. Our results indicate that the studied BCB cherts are diamagnetic and have very low amounts of magnetic minerals. The only exception is the chert of Artxilondo, which has a median positive magnetic susceptibility associated with larger concentrations of magnetic minerals. But even in this case, the magnetic susceptibility is within the lower range of other archeologically-relevant cherts elsewhere, which indicates that the studied BCB cherts can be considered as flint. The similar median values for all magnetic properties, along with their associated large interquartile ranges, indicates that rock magnetic methods are of limited use for sourcing different types of flint except in some specific contexts involving the Artxilondo flint. With regards to the identification of chert heating in the archeological record, our results indicate only a minor magnetic enhancement of BCB natural flint samples upon heating, which we attribute to the low amount of non-silica impurities. In any case, the diamagnetic behavior of most BCB natural flints, along with the local use only of the Artxilondo type, suggests that any flint tool within the core of the BCB with positive magnetic susceptibility values is likely to have been subjected to heating for improving its knapping properties. Further studies are necessary to better identify the type, origin and grain size of magnetic minerals in BCB natural flints, and to apply non-destructive magnetic properties to flint tools in order to identify the use of heat treatment in the BCB archeological record.

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Holocene archeointensities from mid European ceramics, slags, burned sediments and cherts

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxima

Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxima

New Italian directional and intensity archaeomagnetic reference curves for the past 3000 years: Insights on secular variation and implications on dating

Magnetic Properties of Cherts from the Basque-Cantabrian Basin and Surrounding Regions: Archeological Implications

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