Holes in teeth – Dental caries in Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany

Nicklisch, Nicole; Ganslmeier, Robert; Siebert, Angelina; Friederich, Susanne; Meller, Harald; Alt, Kurt W.

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2015.02.001

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The relationship between age and caries risk had been reported in prior studies in our study environment [ 36 , 37 ]. However, the finding that females have increased risk for caries as shown by this study and other previous studies [ 26 , 38 , 39 ] is still debatable. A few studies had highlighted an increased risk for caries in males [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…The fundamentals that informed the developed model for predicting poor oral hygiene were the same for predicting the presence of caries. Socio-economic status, age and sex are potentially confounding factors for caries [ 21 , 25 , 26 ] and oral hygiene status [ 22 ]. In the second block, caries status was included as a moderator variable for oral hygiene [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digit Sucking Habit and Association with Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years Resident in Semi-Urban Nigeria

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesNon-nutritive sucking (NNS) is a common behavior in childhood. The association between digit sucking, dental caries and oral health has been studied with inconclusive results. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of, and the association between digit sucking, caries and oral hygiene status of children age six months to 12 years, resident in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Ife Central Local Government Area of Osun State. Data were collected through a household survey using a multi-stage sampling procedure from children between six months and 12 years. Details of each child’s socio-demographic characteristics, digit sucking habits, caries status and oral health status were collected. The association between digit sucking, caries status and oral hygiene status was determined using Chi square and Logistic regression.ResultsThe mean age of the 992 study participants was 5.8 ± (3.2) years. The prevalence of digit sucking, caries and poor oral hygiene were 7.2%, 10.5% and 2.4% respectively. The mean dmft score was 0.22 ± (0.80), mean DMFT score was 0.04 ± (0.30) while mean Oral Hygiene Index score was 1.27 ± (0.73). Digit sucking increased the odds of having caries (OR: 1.28; CI: 0.58–2.81) but decreased the odds of having poor oral hygiene (OR: 0.58; CI: 0.34–1.01) insignificantly.ConclusionsDigit sucking was not a significant predictor of caries and oral hygiene status, although the odds of having caries increased while the odds of having poor oral hygiene decreased with digit sucking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digit Sucking Habit and Association with Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years Resident in Semi-Urban Nigeria

et al. 2016

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“…As stable isotope analyses does not allow to differentiate between the various kinds of animal protein consumption (meat versus dairy), one needs to refer to zooarchaeological, molecular genetic and lipid residue data as well as to the osteological evidence related to human health. Dental pathological studies carried out on adult skeletons from Neolithic funerary communities in the MES, which included the sites analysed isotopically for the purposes of this paper, identified almost twice the caries frequency (CF) levels for the EN and MN as for the FN and the EBA [ 19 ]. The findings were particularly clear when comparing adults of the the two largest population groups in the overall sample, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4000 years of human dietary evolution in central Germany, from the first farmers to the first elites

et al. 2018

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Investigation of human diet during the Neolithic has often been limited to a few archaeological cultures or single sites. In order to provide insight into the development of human food consumption and husbandry strategies, our study explores bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope data from 466 human and 105 faunal individuals from 26 sites in central Germany. It is the most extensive data set to date from an enclosed geographic microregion, covering 4,000 years of agricultural history from the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. The animal data show that a variety of pastures and dietary resources were explored, but that these changed remarkably little over time. In the human δ15N however we found a significant increase with time across the different archaeological cultures. This trend could be observed in all time periods and archaeological cultures (Bell Beaker phenomenon excluded), even on continuously populated sites. Since there was no such trend in faunal isotope values, we were able largely to exclude manuring as the cause of this effect. Based on the rich interdisciplinary data from this region and archaeological period we can argue that meat consumption increased with the increasing duration of farming subsistence.In δ13C, we could not observe any clear increasing or decreasing trends during the archaeological time periods, either for humans or for animals, which would have suggested significant changes in the environment and landscape use. We discovered sex-related dietary differences, with males of all archaeological periods having higher δ15N values than females, and an age-related increasing consumption of animal protein. An initial decrease of δ15N-values at the age of 1–2 years reveals partial weaning, while complete weaning took place at the age of 3–4 years.

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“…For the Neolithic period, a correlation between the increased carbohydrate intake and an increase in carious lesions can be observed (Eshed, Gopher, & Hershkovitz, ; Richards, ). Based on the evaluation of the teeth from Oberbipp and a comparison with other Neolithic sites, it can be claimed that the Swiss series seem to have an increased caries intensity compared with populations from Central Europe (Table ; Bock & Bruchhaus, ; Meyer & Alt, ; Nicklisch et al, ). Explanations could be a greater amount of carbohydrates in the diet, a different way of processing food, and a genetic predisposition for caries infections as discussed by Meyer and Alt () and Subirà et al ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who lived on the Swiss Plateau around 3300 BCE? Analyses of commingled human skeletal remains from the dolmen of Oberbipp

Siebke

Steuri

Furtwängler

et al. 2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Nowadays, the discovery and excavation of an almost intact Late Neolithic dolmen is rare, as those monuments were often visible in the landscape and have been investigated or destroyed in earlier times; therefore, information about the buried individuals has often been lost. The excavation of the dolmen, a stone grave chamber, from Oberbipp, Switzerland, in 2012 provided a unique opportunity to study human skeletal remains from a Late Neolithic collective burial (3350–2650 BCE). Over 2,000 fragmented and commingled skeletal elements were recovered and form the basis of this morphological study. Established morphological methods were employed to evaluate the minimum number of individuals, age at death, sex, stature, and the presence of pathological alterations and trauma. Sex was determined additionally by aDNA analysis. Elements of the entire human skeleton were recovered indicating a primary burial site. At least 42 individuals (femora) from all age classes (57%:43% adults to subadults) were buried in the dolmen. Based on aDNA analysis (n = 23, partes petrosae) slightly more males than females (44%:35% males to females, 22% indeterminate) were recovered. Stature was estimated from complete femora (n = 3) indicating an average body height between 154–157 cm. Pathological alterations and trauma could be observed on several bones, however, without indications for major interpersonal violence. The caries intensity of Swiss samples seems to be higher compared with other Neolithic European sites. A possible separation of burial areas for males and females based on the recovery of skeletal elements within the dolmen along with aDNA results is postulated. In addition, this article contributes to a better understanding of Late Neolithic populations in Central Europe.

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Holes in teeth – Dental caries in Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Digit Sucking Habit and Association with Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years Resident in Semi-Urban Nigeria

Digit Sucking Habit and Association with Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years Resident in Semi-Urban Nigeria

4000 years of human dietary evolution in central Germany, from the first farmers to the first elites

Who lived on the Swiss Plateau around 3300 BCE? Analyses of commingled human skeletal remains from the dolmen of Oberbipp

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