Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Indian children: Prevalence and significance of Epstein–Barr virus detection in Hodgkin’s and Reed–Sternberg cells

Dinand, Véronique; Dawar, Ramesh; Arya, L. S.; Unni, Rajani; Mohanty, Binimaya; Singh, Rajvir

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2006.08.036

Cited by 63 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For children (Table 4), the frequency of EBV-positive cases was very high-ranging from 83% to 100%-in the nine developing countries [15,30,[47][48][49][50][51][52]. This is in contrast to the low frequencies (35% to 38%) found in the USA [47], the United Arab Emirates [56], and the UK [57].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…As there is a high incidence of EBV-positive HL in the pediatric age group, the number of pediatric cases included in the various studies may influence the overall EBV positivity rate. The percentage of EBV-associated pediatric cHL (Table 4) ranged from 51% of EBV-associated cHL in one series from the UK [55] to 100% in Peru [17], Honduras [47], and Kenya [15], with the percentages in six other countries ranging from 83-97% [30,[48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein–Barr virus and Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Cairo, Egypt

et al. 2010

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Fifty-five consecutive cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), collected between 1996 and 1998 from Cairo, Egypt, were histologically subtyped, phenotyped, and then studied for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We used immunohistochemical stains for EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) and in situ hybridization stains for EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER-1) transcripts. Forty-five cases (82%) had classic HL (cHL), and ten cases (18%) had nodular lymphocyte predominant HL (NLPHL), with each group expressing its typical phenotype. LMP-1 stains were positive in 63% and 0% of cHL and NLPHL cases, respectively. EBER-positive Reed-Sternberg cells and variants were also present in 62% and 0% of each group, respectively. The cHL cases showed variable EBER positivity: nodular sclerosis, 58%; mixed cellularity, 100%; lymphocyte depletion, 100%; and unclassifiable, 67%. Our findings are similar to those from other developing countries and point towards a pathogenic role of EBV in cHL.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein–Barr virus and Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Cairo, Egypt

et al. 2010

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“…Our hypothetical distribution was the distribution of the necessary condition. Thus far, the data as published by Dinand et al [17] do support our null hypothesis that an infection of human lymph nodes by Epstein-Bar virus is a conditio sine qua non of Hodgkin's lymphoma. In other words, without an infection of human lymph nodes by Epstein-Bar virus no Hodgkin's lymphoma.…”

Section: Alternative Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Emerging evidence suggests that EBV is causality related to Hodgkin's lymphoma. According to the data as published by Dinand et al [17], without an infection of human lymph nodes by Epstein-Bar virus no Hodgkin's lymphoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details about case control studies are given by secondary literature [50]. Despite of the view disadvantages of case-control studies discussed above, Dinand et al [17] [21] detected EBV DNA by in situ hybridization (ISH), which cannot be ignored. The in situ hybridization, like any method, is not completely free of bias and is labeled with some severe limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein Bar Virus—The Cause of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Barukčić¹

2018

JBM

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Objective: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a herpes virus which persists in memory B cells in the peripheral blood for the lifetime of a person, is accused to be associated with several malignancies. Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) has long been suspected to have an Epstein-Barr virus infection as a causal agent. Some recent studies identified an EBV latent infection to a high degree in Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, despite intensive study, the role of Epstein-Barr virus infection in Hodgkin lymphoma remains enigmatic. Methods: To explore the cause-effect relationship between EBV and HL and so to understand the role of EBV in HL etiology more clearly, a systematic review and re-analysis of studies published is performed. The method of the conditio per quam relationship was used to proof the hypothesis if Epstein-Barr virus infection (DNA) in human lymph nodes is present then Hodgkin lymphoma is present too. The mathematical formula of the causal relationship k was used to proof the hypothesis, whether there is a cause effect relationship between an Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV DNA) and Hodgkin lymphoma. Significance was indicated by a p-value of less than 0.05. Result: The data analyzed support the Null-hypotheses that if Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV DNA) is present in human lymph nodes then Hodgkin lymphoma is present too. In the same respect, the studies analyzed provide highly significant evidence that Epstein-Barr virus the cause of Hodgkin lymphoma. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of Hodgkin's lymphoma besides of the complexity of Hodgkin's disease.

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