Hoards of the early and middle Bronze ages in the Levant

Philip, Graham

doi:10.1080/00438243.1988.9980067

Cited by 46 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Does not refer to its corrosion. d The types have been defined by Philip (1989). e Complete: the object is not missing any part.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle Bronze Age metallurgy in the Levant: evidence from the weapons of Byblos

Morr¹,

Pernot²

2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Does not refer to its corrosion. d The types have been defined by Philip (1989). e Complete: the object is not missing any part.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current state of each weapon, its archaeological context, typology and some of its technologically relevant dimensions are given in Tables 1e3. The typological designations used in this paper are based on the work of Philip (1989).…”

Section: Presentation Of the Corpusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Bronze Age metallurgy in the Levant: evidence from the weapons of Byblos

Morr¹,

Pernot²

2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…One possibility is that they concealed these non-ritual objects in a time of stress (or upheaval) and simply never recovered them. Scholars working in the Old World commonly refer to such deposits as hoards or 'utilitarian hoards' (Bradley, 1988;Johns, 1996;Moorey, 1988;Philip, 1988). More specifically if the slabs represent newly made objects, the pit could be compared to a 'merchant's hoard', but if the slabs represent scraps collected for recycling, the pit would be akin to a 'foundry hoard' (Moorey, 1988, p. 182).…”

Section: Bitumen Processing and Storage At Paso Los Orticesmentioning

confidence: 98%

How the Olmec used bitumen in ancient Mesoamerica

Wendt¹,

Cyphers²

2008

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

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“…Long swords exceeding 70 cm in length were introduced into the Mediterranean in the late second millennium BCE, no earlier than 1200 BCE. Prior to this date, cutting and thrusting weapons consisted of daggers, dirks, and sickle blade daggers, none of which exceeded 50 cm (Drews 1993:193-208;Philip 1989:102-143) [36,37]. The sword (reaching an average length of 75 cm) replaced these short bladed weapons and became the most commonly used weapon from the Late Bronze Age through the Hellenistic period.…”

Section: Weaponsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronological Trends in Negev Rock Art: The Har Michia Petroglyphs as a Test Case

Eisenberg-Degen

Rosen

2013

Arts

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Negev rock art comprises a large and diverse corpus of motifs and compositions developed over the course of several millennia. As dating of specific elements is at present not possible, the rock art was analyzed statistically through the study of individual panels where internal sequences of engraving could be discerned. Examining the set of such individual sequences, larger scale reconstruction of engraving phases, sequences and patterns were recognized. Additional chronological markers, such as the presence of domestic camels or other chronologically diagnostic features, offer benchmarks for tying the general trends to more absolute frameworks. The reconstructed patterns reflect the long term history of the Negev and some of the most significant cultural and social transitions in the region are reflected visually through the rock art, notably a form of self-expression, a crucial complement to the historical sequences derived from sedentary peoples living farther north. For example the introduction of the domestic camel and its symbolic and economic significance is well evident in the rock art. Similarly, the emergence of Islam is expressed through the mark makers' preference for "abstract" (non-figurative) motifs. One motif found throughout all engraving phases, transcending the religious, political and economic structures of Negev society, is the "ibex". Although Negev societies have all focused, to one degree or another, on sheep and goat pastoralism, these animals are rarely present in the Negev rock art and never as herds. Ibex, whose role in the diet and daily subsistence was minimal, was the most commonly depicted zoomorphic motif.

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Hoards of the early and middle Bronze ages in the Levant

Cited by 46 publications

References 21 publications

Middle Bronze Age metallurgy in the Levant: evidence from the weapons of Byblos

Middle Bronze Age metallurgy in the Levant: evidence from the weapons of Byblos

How the Olmec used bitumen in ancient Mesoamerica

Chronological Trends in Negev Rock Art: The Har Michia Petroglyphs as a Test Case

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