HMB-45, S-100, NK1/C3, and MART-1 in metastatic melanoma

Zubovits, Judit; Buzney, Elizabeth A.; Yu, Lawrence; Duncan, Lyn M.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2003.09.019

Cited by 91 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Metastatic melanoma samples also display heterogeneity within a tumor sample and between tumor samples. 26 Intratumoral heterogeneity may confound the interpretation of molecular profiling, given that any tumor may contain subsets of cells with distinct molecular profiles. In some cases, the tumor population bearing the metastasisassociated profile may represent a minor subset of the tumor as a whole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRPM1 (Melastatin-1/MLSN1) mRNA expression in Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas

et al. 2009

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The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 1 (TRPM1/Melastatin-1/MLSN-1) expression has been shown to have prognostic utility in the evaluation of primary cutaneous melanoma. We analyzed a series of spindled and epithelioid cell nevi (Spitz) and primary cutaneous nodular melanomas to determine whether the expression of TRPM1 mRNA may be useful in distinguishing between Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas and to further examine the patterns of TRPM1 mRNA expression in cutaneous melanocytic proliferations. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 95 Spitz nevi and 33 nodular melanomas were analyzed for the expression of TRPM1 mRNA by in situ hybridization using 35 S-labeled riboprobes. Ubiquitous melanocytic expression of TRPM1 mRNA was observed in 56 of 95 (59%) Spitz nevi and 4 of 33 (12%) nodular melanomas. Diffusely scattered loss of TRPM1 mRNA was identified in 38 of 95 (40%) Spitz nevi and 2 of 33 (6%) nodular melanomas. Regional loss of the TRPM1 mRNA expression by a significant subset of dermal tumor cells or a complete absence of TRPM1 expression by the dermal tumor was identified in 27 of 33 (82%) nodular melanomas, but only 1 of 95 (1%) Spitz nevi. These findings suggest that the pattern of TRPM1 mRNA expression may be helpful in the differentiation of Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas. Of the 16 patients who experienced metastasis, 15 (94%) had primary tumors that displayed reduced MLSN mRNA expression by all or a part of the dermal tumor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRPM1 (Melastatin-1/MLSN1) mRNA expression in Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas

et al. 2009

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“…20,25 In our survey, S100 was the most frequently used immunohistochemical stain with more than three-quarters of the institutions reporting that they used it routinely. This is similar to the 74% of laboratories using S100 in a European survey of sentinel lymph node processing.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Lack of Standards for the Detection of Melanoma in Sentinel Lymph Nodes: A Survey and Recommendations

Dekker

Duncan

2013

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Detection of microscopic melanoma metastases in sentinel lymph nodes drives clinical care; patients without metastases are observed, and patients with metastases are offered completion lymphadenectomy and adjuvant therapy.Objective.-We sought to determine common elements in currently used analytic platforms for sentinel lymph nodes in melanoma patients.Design.-An electronic survey was distributed to 83 cancer centers in North America.Results.-Seventeen responses (20%) were received. The number of sentinel lymph node mapping procedures for melanoma ranged from less than 11 to more than 100 patients per year, with 72% of institutions mapping more than 50 melanoma patients a year. Uniform practices included (1) processing all of the lymph node tissue rather than submitting representative sections and (2) use of immunohistochemical stains if no tumor was identified on the hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Significant variability existed regarding the method of sectioning lymph nodes at grossing and in the histology laboratory; most bisected nodes longitudinally (94%) and performed deeper levels into the block (67%), but these were not uniform practices. S-100 was the most commonly used immunohistochemical stain (78%), followed by Melan-A (56%), MART-1 (50%), HMB-45 (44%), tyrosinase (33%), MiTF (11%), and pan-melanoma (6%).Conclusions.-There is a need for a standardized platform for detecting melanoma in sentinel lymph nodes. Current practices by a majority of laboratories and findings in the reported literature support the following: histologic evaluation of all lymph node tissue, use of immunohistochemical stains, bisecting lymph nodes longitudinally, and performing deeper levels into the tissue block.

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“…Zubovits et al 108 reported S100 staining in 98% (123 of 126) of metastases in lymph nodes but only one-half showed diffuse staining of more than 50% of the tumor. In contrast, MART-1 stained only 82% (103 of 126) of metastases but with 83% (85 of 103) of those stains being diffuse.…”

Section: Melanoma Prognosismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, MART-1 does not exhibit the same background dendritic cell staining that S100 does, but on occasion, macrophages, particularly pigmented ones, can be weakly labeled with MART-1. 108,174 In one study, 175 MITF tended to result in overdiagnosis of metastases in sentinel lymph nodes, probably because of expression in histiocytes.…”

Section: Melanoma Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, HMB-45 is relatively specific, staining only rare other tumors (eg, perivascular epithelioid cells tumors [PEComas]) but is not very sensitive for melanoma. 106,108 MITF is responsible for the normal embryonic development of melanocytes, mast cells, cells of the retinal pigment epithelium, and osteoclasts. 109 Melanocytes express nuclear MITF.…”

Section: Melanocytic Neoplasmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

Ferringer

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Immunohistochemistry is not a diagnostic test but a highly valuable tool that requires interpretation within a context.Objective.-To review the current status and limitations of immunohistochemistry in dermatopathology.Data Sources.-English-language literature published between 1980 and 2014.Conclusions.-Although immunohistochemistry is rarely completely specific or sensitive, it is an important adjunctive technique in dermatopathology and can be helpful in a series of diagnostic dilemmas.

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HMB-45, S-100, NK1/C3, and MART-1 in metastatic melanoma

Cited by 91 publications

References 29 publications

TRPM1 (Melastatin-1/MLSN1) mRNA expression in Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas

TRPM1 (Melastatin-1/MLSN1) mRNA expression in Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas

Lack of Standards for the Detection of Melanoma in Sentinel Lymph Nodes: A Survey and Recommendations

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

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