HLA and Susceptibility to Leprosy

Serjeantson, S. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1983.tb00711.x

Cited by 59 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Recently an HLA-B46, MICA-5A5 haplotype was found less often amongst multibacillary leprosy patients compared to controls in a small south China study, indicating that this haplotype may carry a gene that is protective against multibacillary leprosy in this population. 21 MICA itself is a candidate susceptibility locus: located in the HLA class I region, MHC class 1 chainrelated (MIC) genes encode membrane-bound polypeptides that do not bind peptides or associate with b2-microglobulin, but instead act as a co-stimulatory signal by interaction with a receptor NKG2D to augment T-cell activation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetics of susceptibility to leprosy

2002

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The ancient disease of leprosy can cause severe disability and disfigurement and is still a major health concern in many parts of the world. Only a subset of those individuals exposed to the pathogen will go on to develop clinical disease and there is a broad clinical spectrum amongst leprosy sufferers. The outcome of infection is in part due to host genes that influence control of the initial infection and the host's immune response to that infection. Identification of the host genes that influence host susceptibility/resistance will enable a greater understanding of disease pathogenesis. In turn, this should facilitate development of more effective therapeutics and vaccines. So far at least a dozen genes have been implicated in leprosy susceptibility and a genome-wide linkage study has lead to the identification of at least one positional candidate. These findings are reviewed here.

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confidence: 99%

Genetics of susceptibility to leprosy

2002

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“…47 recessive inheritance of HLA-linked susceptibility to tuberculoid leprosy. 48 In one of the above-mentioned family studies in India46 HLA-DR2 was observed to be associated with tuberculoid leprosy. Although this finding was confirmed in a subsequent family study,49 the frequency of DR2 among sporadic cases of tuberculoid leprosy in the same Indian area was shown not to be increased,50 suggesting a genetic heterogeneity between familial and sporadic tuberculoid leprosy.…”

Section: Studies Of Hla and Tuberculoid Leprosymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…57. 48 The family data fr om Venezuela, however, attempted to break with this ill-based dogma. The segregation pattern was fo und to be highly non-random, especially for haplo types derived fr om lepromatous (BL and LL) leprosy-affected parents.…”

Section: Studies Of Hla and Tuberculoid Leprosymentioning

confidence: 99%

Occasional Review-HLA and Leprosy: a Re-evaluation

Eden¹,

Vries²

1984

Leprosy Review

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The discovery in experimental animals of immune response genes (Ir-genes) located in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), provided an impetus for exploring HLA-the human MHC-encoded genetic control of the immune response in man. In this area particular attention was paid to leprosy on the supposition that genetic factors were involved in this disease, in the variable immune status of the patients, and in the specific immune defect in leprosy affected patients. In many studies on the distribution ofHLA-phenotypes among groups of patients and controls and among the members of multi-case leprosy families a role for HLA-encoded factors in the susceptibility to leprosy was shown, but entirely and quite unexpectedly, to tuberculoid leprosy and not lepromatous leprosy. These studies were reviewed previously. I However, more recent studies gave convincing support to a more general role for HLA in determining the type of the disease to develop fo llowing infection. At the present stage it seems justified to state that the susceptibility to both polar tuberculoid (TT) and lepromatous (BLjLL) leprosy is controlled, at least partly, by HLA-linked genes and that these genes do not influence susceptibility to leprosy per se, but rather determine the type of disease to develop, most probably by controlling the leprosy-specific immune response.Recent findings based on population-and family studies as well as in vitro experiments, to investigate the role of HLA in leprosy-will be discussed in the present review.The biological significance of the HLA-systemThe HLA-system is recognized as a major immunogenetic and histocompatibility system, coding for a large multi-allelic fa mily of cell-membrane molecules and glycoproteins, present on the cell membrane of virtually all nucleated cells. Since 0305-75 18/055089 + 16 SO 1.00

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“…136 Several studies comparing HLA Class I gene frequencies in leprosy cases and controls have found associations either with the polar forms of leprosy, or with leprosy itself, however these suggested associations have not been replicated as they are limited and inconsistent. 130,[137][138][139][140][141][142] The association between DR and DQ alleles and different clinical subtypes of leprosy are documented. Several studies reported an association of the HLA-DR2 alleles; HLA -DRB1*15, *16, *10 and *12 with susceptibility or resistance to leprosy in Brazilian, Vietnamese, South Indian, Indonesian, Thai and Argentine populations.…”

Section: -133mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major histocompatibility complex and its importance towards controlling infection

Longjam

Das

2017

Asian J Med Sci

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It is well documented that infectious pathogen burden and infected cell mass determine the clinical severity of infectious diseases, however, the ability of the host to recognize and process antigens to produce antibodies or the cellular immune response during infection could be under genetic control. The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) or Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system is the most intensively studied of all genetic systems because of its influence to many important traits, including resistance to infectious diseases, autoimmunity and immunological self or nonself compatibility. This is understandable in the light of the evolutionary pressure so that we are equipped to face the multitude of infectious challenges. Infectious diseases are a major selective pressure;and genes involved in the immune response are the most numerous and diverse in the human genome; reflecting the evolutionary advantages of a diverse immunological response to a wide range of infectious pathogens.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 1-13

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HLA and Susceptibility to Leprosy

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

Genetics of susceptibility to leprosy

Genetics of susceptibility to leprosy

Occasional Review-HLA and Leprosy: a Re-evaluation

Major histocompatibility complex and its importance towards controlling infection

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