HIV Vaccine Research: The Way Forward

Fauci, Anthony S.; Johnston, Margaret I.; Dieffenbach, Carl W.; Burton, Dennis R.; Hammer, Scott M.; Hoxie, James A.; Martin, Malcolm A.; Overbaugh, Julie; Watkins, David I.; Mahmoud, Adel A. F.; Greene, Warner C.

doi:10.1126/science.1161000

Cited by 222 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A safe, efficacious and accessible prophylactic vaccine for HIV remains elusive despite promising results in some recent trials [1][2][3]. Nevertheless, with an estimated 2.5 million new HIV infections each year [4], a vaccine is the most promising means of controlling the epidemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The marginal willingness-to-pay for attributes of a hypothetical HIV vaccine

Cameron

Newman

Roungprakhon

et al. 2013

Vaccine

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This paper estimates the marginal willingness-to-pay for attributes of a hypothetical HIV vaccine using discrete choice modeling.We use primary data from 326 respondents from Bangkok and Chiang Mai, Thailand, in 2008-2009, selected using purposive, venue-based sampling across two strata. Participants completed a structured questionnaire and full rank discrete choice modelling task administered using computer-assisted personal interviewing. The choice experiment was used to rank eight hypothetical HIV vaccine scenarios, with each scenario comprising seven attributes (including cost) each of which had two levels. The data were analyzed in two alternative specifications: (1) best-worst; and (2) full-rank, using logit likelihood functions estimated with custom routines in Gauss matrix programming language.In the full-rank specification, all vaccine attributes are significant predictors of probability of vaccine choice. The biomedical attributes of the hypothetical HIV vaccine (efficacy, absence of VISP, absence of side effects, and duration of effect) are the most important attributes for HIV vaccine choice. On average respondents are more than twice as likely to accept a vaccine with 99% efficacy, than a vaccine with 50% efficacy. This translates to a willingness to pay US$383 more for a high efficacy vaccine compared with the low efficacy vaccine.Knowledge of the relative importance of determinants of HIV vaccine acceptability is important to ensure the success of future vaccination programs. Future acceptability studies of hypothetical HIV vaccines should use more finely-grained biomedical attributes, and could also improve the external validity of results by including more levels of the cost attribute.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The marginal willingness-to-pay for attributes of a hypothetical HIV vaccine

Cameron

Newman

Roungprakhon

et al. 2013

Vaccine

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“…2,3 To that end, it will be important to define the specificities of existing NAbs and to delineate immunoregulation of B cell responses to NAb epitopes. 4,5 At the conference, these and other high priority research areas related to NAbs were presented.…”

Section: B Cell Immunology Neutralizing Antibodies Mucosal Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS Vaccine 2008 Conference

et al. 2009

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“…Despite, the attempts to design a prophylactic vaccine for AIDS has not seen the fruition for the three decades of discovery and research on the etiological agents [5]. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus with its unifying features [6] increases in prevalence across the globe with approximately 6500 new infections every day [7]. Here a SWOT analysis is presented to conflate the strenuous efforts and strategies and the factors influencing the achievability of the need of the time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Vaccine to Prevent AIDS A Paradigm or A Paradox? A SWOT Analysis

Christdas¹

2016

HIV Curr Res

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AIDS as a disease afflicts mankind for more than 3 decades. HIV, the causative is not yet checked with a prophylactic vaccine. The plausibility of the prevention by conventional prophylactic strategies based on Jenner's conventional method of inducing memory response is reviewed here. In order to find the right direction towards achieving this goal, a SWOT analysis is represented here with a Venn diagram. Our increasing awareness on the viral genome and the antiviral treatment with the sensitive diagnostic tools strengthen the efforts, while the viral nature privileges its replenishment by hampering the host immune memory. Though antiviral drugs promise a notable degree of control, they render selection pressure favoring viral escapism with perking quasispecies or circulating recombinant forms (CRF). Few historical clinical trials teach us to frame new opportunities for the conduct of such trials that assures safety. The knowledge has exponentially increased on the host immune response, human genetics, retrovirology, drug development, gene delivery system to understand that HIV is the only pathogen that had the greatest consumption of our time and resources. The technological advancements add to our strength. However, the virus with its biological features proves its intrinsic competency for survival. Though the antiviral therapy confers some hope, the resistant forms pose a threat to their continuation. It emphasizes the need for prevention and suggests novel, unconventional prophylaxis. Treatment as a means of prevention and the use of immunomodulators to decrease the disease progression can help us to win the belligerence against AIDS.

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HIV Vaccine Research: The Way Forward

Cited by 222 publications

References 19 publications

The marginal willingness-to-pay for attributes of a hypothetical HIV vaccine

The marginal willingness-to-pay for attributes of a hypothetical HIV vaccine

AIDS Vaccine 2008 Conference

Conventional Vaccine to Prevent AIDS A Paradigm or A Paradox? A SWOT Analysis

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