HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit

Mashragi, Faisal; Bernstein, Robert S.; AlMazroa, Mohammad A.; Al‐Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Filemban, Sanaa M.; Assiri, Abdullah M.; Furukawa, Elaine; Hazmi, Mohammad Al; Alzahrani, Abdullah; Stephens, Gwen; Memish, Ziad A.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciu373

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, hemodialysis can be considered a risk factor for HIV transmission (10). Five outbreaks of HIV have been reported in third-world countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five outbreaks of HIV have been reported in third-world countries. In all reported outbreaks, thorough investigations showed evidence of violation of infection control practices (10). Therefore, for a more effective planning of infection control measures and obtaining reliable, updated information on patients, we studied the prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV infections in dialysis patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Blood-borne viral infection is a public health problem, especially in high-risk patients, including those with renal failure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: In this study, 94 patients were recruited and examined for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibodies (HCVAb), and HIV using ELISA assay. HCV positivity was confirmed via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patients were followed-up by testing their blood samples for HBsAg, HCVAb, and HIV on a monthly basis. Results: At the beginning of the study, 3 out of 94 (3.2%) patients were HBsAg positive. In addition, 4 out of 94 (4.3%) patients were HCVAb positive; HCV-positive patients were confirmed via RT-PCR. In addition, three new samples (2 males and 1 female) became HCVAb positive during the follow up. New cases of infection might be associated with exposure to inadequately sterilized dialysis. All the recruited patients were negative for HIV throughout the study. Conclusions:The prevalence of HBsAg and HCV positivity in subjects undergoing hemodialysis was comparable to most neighboring countries. Strict infection control measures should be taken to prevent infection transmission.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, hemodialysis can be considered a risk factor for HIV transmission (10). Five outbreaks of HIV have been reported in third-world countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, infections with the mentioned viruses are the major causes of further threats to patient safety ( 3 , 4 ). Some investigations examined the prevalence of HBV, HDV, and HIV in HD patients; however, the reported values varied in different populations ( 5 , 6 ). The prevalence of HBV infection in HD patients ranged from 0% to 58% in previous reports, and the value of HDV varied in convergence with HBV in most studies, since HDV requires the surface membrane proteins of HBV ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis Viruses B and D and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in the South of Iran: Prevalence and Genotypes

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are transmitted by blood transfusion. Thus, hemodialysis (HD) patients are more prone to become the carriers of these infections due to their treatment demands.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among HD patients in Bandar Abbas, Iran, 2015.Patients and MethodsA total of 153 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing HD at Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas were examined for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti- hepatitis C virus, and anti-HIV over a period of 2 months. Thereafter, all of the specimens were evaluated for HBV-DNA, HDV-RNA and HIV-RNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further techniques. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 12 for Windows with the t-test and chi-square (χ2) test.ResultsBoth kinds of assay determined that nine (5.88%) patients were HBV positive (HBsAg-positive), whereas no HIV- and HDV-positive patients were diagnosed. All of the diagnosed HBV samples belonged to genotype D; the prevalence of HBV is associated with age, duration of HD, history of blood transfusion, and using shared HD devices.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the prevalence of HBV infection was low in the south of Iran, but genotype D represented the major HBV genotype in this population. Among the variables, age, duration of HD, history of blood transfusion, and using shared HD devices influenced the prevalence of HBV among HD patients.

show abstract

“…Also, with a one-unit increase in participants’ self-protective attitude against HIV; an increased level of participants’ HIV-related discrimination (by 1.3-times) was noted. Despite the low levels of HIV prevalence in Saudi Arabia, healthcare providers are a poor source of information for PLWH 25,26. Therefore, dental clinics must play a role in educating the population about HIV and the PLWH 27.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus related discrimination in general dentistry

Alshouibi

AlAlyani

2018

SMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives:To investigate HIV related discrimination among general dentists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and to list factors affecting or causing healthcare providers to discriminate people living with HIV (PLWH).Methods:The current study takes place in Jeddah, western Saudi Arabia. The duration for accepting all responses was between March and November, 2017. In this cross-sectional study, we used a self-administered, structured questionnaire. The sample size was 430 general dentists practicing in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, mean, and standard deviation were calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out at p<0.05 level of significance. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for data analysis.Results:In our study population, the total HIV related discrimination was 67.4%. Approximately 98.1% defer PLWH to the last appointment of the day, while 84.7% refer them to specialists. Furthermore,100% reported wearing double gloves, and 94.7% where wearing protective eye shields if they encounter HIV-patient in the clinic. Male participants were found to be 23% more likely to be discriminative compared to female participants, Moreover, participants who are confident to provide both surgical and non-surgical dental treatment for PLWH were found to be 52% less likely to be discriminative towards PLWH. Also, HIV discrimination is 33% higher in the private practice compared to the governmental practice.Conclusion:Human immunodeficiency virus related discrimination in the study population was affected by dentists’ gender, type of practice, and self-protective attitudes.

show abstract

HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit

Abstract: This study confirms the occurrence of hemodialysis-associated HIV infection. The occurrence of such transmission is linked to the suboptimal compliance with prevention and control of infection measures.

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

Hepatitis Viruses B and D and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in the South of Iran: Prevalence and Genotypes

Human immunodeficiency virus related discrimination in general dentistry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About