HIV Testing and Cross Border Migrant Vulnerability: Social Integration and Legal/Economic Status Among Cross Border Migrant Workers in Thailand

Ford, Kathleen; Holumyong, Charamporn

doi:10.1007/s10461-015-1255-z

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These findings are similar to research in Thailand which found that male migrants who had sex with a non-regular sex partner were more likely to receive HIV testing (31). Though it is not possible from the data we gathered to tell with whom participants have been sexually active, because many of the migrants in this sample had spouses who did not come with them to Kazakhstan, it is quite possible that they may be having sex with extra-marital partners while working in Kazakhstan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

What Prevents Central Asian Migrant Workers from Accessing HIV Testing? Implications for Increasing HIV Testing Uptake in Kazakhstan

et al. 2017

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Several barriers prevent key populations, such as migrant workers, from accessing HIV testing. Using data from a cross-sectional study among Central Asian migrant workers (n=623) in Kazakhstan, we examined factors associated with HIV testing. Overall, 48% of participants had ever received an HIV test. Having temporary registration (AOR 1.69; (95% CI [1.12–2.56]), having an employment contract (AOR 2.59; (95% CI [1.58–4.23]), being able to afford health care services (AOR 3.61; (95% CI [1.86–7.03]) having a medical check-up in the past 12 months (AOR 1.85; 95% CI [1.18–2.89]), and having a regular doctor (AOR 2.37; 95% CI [1.20–4.70]) were associated with having an HIV test. HIV testing uptake among migrants in Kazakhstan falls far short of UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals. Intervention strategies to increase HIV testing among this population may include initiatives that focus on improving outreach to undocumented migrants, making health care services more affordable, and linking migrants to health care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

What Prevents Central Asian Migrant Workers from Accessing HIV Testing? Implications for Increasing HIV Testing Uptake in Kazakhstan

et al. 2017

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“…MWs without legal status may be reluctant to use available public health services due to fear of deportation. Similarly, income can be a barrier to accessing health services for MWs unaware of low or no cost health programs [ 7 , 8 ]. There are a number of other factors, such as poor educational level and limited Thai language ability, that interplay to shape the vulnerability of MWs [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"When I first saw a condom, I was frightened": A qualitative study of sexual behavior, love and life of young cross-border migrants in urban Chiang Mai, Thailand

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMany young migrant workers move across the border to Chiang Mai, a major city in Northern Thailand, in search of work opportunities. This study describes their sexual behavior, lifestyles, relationships and experiences with youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services.MethodsThis is the qualitative arm of a mixed methods study using focus group discussions (FGDs) among young MWs aged 15–24 years in urban Chiang Mai. We conducted 6 FGDs with 84 participants (43 males, 41 females) organized in groups of 10–15 people, including 3 groups of males, 2 groups of females, and 1 group of both males and females.ResultsWe found that the lack of parental control, pressure to assimilate into Thai society, access to social media and modern communication technologies, and limited knowledge and access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services interplayed to shape lifestyle and sexual behaviors, including low condom use among young migrants.ConclusionThe present study helped discern the vulnerability of young migrants to adverse SRH outcomes. This particular group of youth needs urgent intervention to improve their knowledge on SRH and access to a youth-friendly clinic to help them personalize risk of HIV and other adverse SRH outcomes.

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“…Individual child factors include sex, age, and health status (chronic disease/disability) [ 28 , 30 ]. For migration factors, pertaining to both the household factors and the child's characteristics, factors include immigrant or legal status and work permit statuses of migrant parents, length of stay in the destination country which is related to the level of social integration of the migrant household in the destination country, previous migration experiences or migration history, plans for the length of stay in the country of destination and return to the country of origin [ 4 , 25 , 31 – 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health insurance status of cross-border migrant children and the associated factors: a study in a Thai-Myanmar border area

Chamchan

Apipornchaisakul

2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Although policies of Thailand for migrant health protection are inclusive for all migrant groups, due to existing constraints in practices and policy implementation, many migrant children still lack the protection. This study aimed to assess the health insurance status of children aged 0-14 whose parents were cross-border migrant workers in Thailand, and factors related to the status. Methods A Thai-Myanmar border area, being developed as a ‘special economic zone’ by the Thai government, was selected as a study site. With a cross-sectional research design, the study collected primary data in late 2018 by a structured questionnaire from 402 migrant households that contained 803 children. The logistic generalized estimating equation (GEE) technique was applied to examine factors associated with the children’s health insurance status. These included socio-economic factors, migration factors, and health insurance-related factors. Results It is found that 83.2% of the migrant children did not have health insurance. Factors associated with the health insurance status included age 12-14 years (Odds ratio (OR) 2.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-4.46), having a birth certificate (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.04-3.45), and plan of the family in the future to remain the child in Thailand (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.09-5.17). The primary carer’s factors that were important health insurance-related factors included having no legal work permit (OR 4.12, 95% CI 1.88-9.06), having health insurance (OR 8.51, 95% CI 3.93-18.41), little or no ability to communicate in Thai (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.66), and understanding the right of migrant children to purchase health insurance (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.52-4.34). Conclusions The findings point to the need for every migrant child to have a birth certificate, diminishing language barriers, and providing education and motivation about the need for health insurance for migrants and their accompanying dependents, especially children. For further studies, it is suggested to include migrant health insurance supply-side factors with qualitative analyses to understand how all the factors interactively determine the health insurance status of migrant children.

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HIV Testing and Cross Border Migrant Vulnerability: Social Integration and Legal/Economic Status Among Cross Border Migrant Workers in Thailand

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

What Prevents Central Asian Migrant Workers from Accessing HIV Testing? Implications for Increasing HIV Testing Uptake in Kazakhstan

What Prevents Central Asian Migrant Workers from Accessing HIV Testing? Implications for Increasing HIV Testing Uptake in Kazakhstan

"When I first saw a condom, I was frightened": A qualitative study of sexual behavior, love and life of young cross-border migrants in urban Chiang Mai, Thailand

Health insurance status of cross-border migrant children and the associated factors: a study in a Thai-Myanmar border area

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