HIV screening in pregnancy

Banatvala, J. E.; Chrystie, I. L.; Palmer, Sara J.; Sumner, D; Kennedy, Jane; Kenney, A.; Dunn, David; Hayes, Richard; Chamberlain, Geoffrey; Booth, James C.; Omisakin, K.A.; Stern, H.; Ziegler, J. B.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)92885-6

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Banatvale et al . found 0.44% HIV sero prevalence and 0.88% hepatitis B seroprevalence in pregnant women in the United Kingdom 4 . Langerhans cells are thought to be target cells and vehicles for the transmission of HIV 3 and they are found in the skin and mucous membranes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood splashes to the masks and goggles during caesarean section

Sharma¹,

Ekoh²,

McMillan³

et al. 1997

BJOG

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A prospective study was performed of 100 caesarean sections (31 elective, 69 emergency) to determine the incidence of blood splashes to the masks and goggles of surgeons, assistants and scrub nurses. The rate of blood splashes was 40% on surgeons' masks, 49.29% on surgeons' goggles, 3 1% on assistants' masks, 2 1.12% on assistants' goggles, 23.1 % on scrub nurses' masks and 15.7 1 % on scrub nurses' goggles. The use of masks and protective goggles is strongly recommended to avoid body fluid contamination and acquiring dsease in obstetrics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood splashes to the masks and goggles during caesarean section

Sharma¹,

Ekoh²,

McMillan³

et al. 1997

BJOG

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“…Anonymous testing for HIV infection among pregnant women has shown that the prevalence of the infection among women attending community antenatal clinics and hospital based antenatal clinics at St Thomas's Hospital rose from 0.05% to 0.44% between 1988 and 19901 and that in London it has risen steadily from 0.18% in 1990 to 0.26% in 1993 (range 0-0.5%) 2 3. Such studies have also shown the association of HIV infection in pregnancy with such recognised risk factors as African ethnicity and injected drug use 4 5.…”

Section: The Need For a Change In Screening Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The practice had to be convinced of the benefits of implementing a named testing programme which, based on prevalences determined by anonymous testing1 and practice size, was likely to reveal only one HIV positive woman every two or three years.…”

Section: Implementing Department Of Health's Guidelines—pilot Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary, named testing for HIV in a community based antenatal clinic: a pilot study

Chrystie

Wolfe

Kennedy³

et al. 1995

BMJ

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Despite the increasing advantages of identifying HIV infection in pregnant women, only some 12% of HIV positive women attending antenatal clinics in London have been identified by named testing. As virtually all antenatal care will be community based within the next two to three years, we assessed the problems of introducing named HIV testing during pregnancy into the primary care setting. Planning the service took a considerable time and required the production of educational material for both staff and pregnant women and some reorganisation of procedures. Over a one year period an uptake of 44% was noted. Several problems were encountered including an average of 21 minutes needed to give information on AIDS and HIV, an adverse effect on the midwife-mother relationship, and anxiety (affecting both women and midwives). Possible solutions to this difficult problem are discussed.

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“…Anonymous testing of antenatal women in three London Districts has shown a rapidly rising HIV seroprevalence of between 0.32% and 0.7%, although HIV prevalence has remained constant at around 1% (Heath et al 1988; Banatvala et al 1991; Chamberlain et al 1991). Initial results from Scotland show HIV seroprevalence of between 0.13% and 0.26% among antenatal women and 0.85% among women seeking termination of pregnancy (Goldberg et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall contamination rates for hands and arms were 23.5% and 30% respectively (Table 1). Between 0.32% and 0.7% of antenatal women have been reported to be seropositive for HIV in some London Districts (Heath et al 1988; Banatvala et al 1991; Chamberlain et al 1991). The risk to staff could be considerable in view of the finding that 22.6% had broken skin on their hands and arms (Kabukoba & Young 1992).…”

Section: Rates Of Contamination Before and After The Use Of Arm Sleevesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The design, effectiveness and acceptability of the arm sleeve for the prevention of body fluid contamination during obstetric procedures

Kabukoba

Pearce

1993

BJOG

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Objective 1. To design a device that would reduce contamination of staff during obstetric procedures. 2. To undertake clinical trials to assess the effectiveness and acceptability of such a device. Design A prospective study. The arm sleeve is made of a nonwoven material laminated on polyethylene film making it waterproof. It has an elastomeric cuff with adhesive that ensures a watertight seal between it and the glove. Setting Delivery suite in a teaching hospital. Methods Doctors and midwives were requested to wear the sleeve on top of the standard gown and gloves. Each user was assessed for blood contamination at the end of the procedure and a questionnaire detailing the extent of contamination and the views of the user was completed. Results Eighty questionnaires were completed. The contamination of arms and hands was 3.8% and 5%, respectively. Eighty‐nine percent thought the sleeve had served its purpose and 76% said they would use it regularly. Conclusions The sleeve is an effective protective device which complements the glove and gown. We recommend that it should be used during all obstetric procedures.

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HIV screening in pregnancy

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Blood splashes to the masks and goggles during caesarean section

Blood splashes to the masks and goggles during caesarean section

Voluntary, named testing for HIV in a community based antenatal clinic: a pilot study

The design, effectiveness and acceptability of the arm sleeve for the prevention of body fluid contamination during obstetric procedures

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