HIV risk and psychological distress among female entertainment workers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

Brody, Carinne; Chhoun, Pheak; Tuot, Sovannary; Pal, Khuondyla; Chhim, Kolab; Yi, Siyan

doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2814-6

Cited by 40 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…If a consideration of mental health problems can be incorporated into pre-and post-test counselling of HIV, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the burden of HIV and associated morbidities is high, this could reduce the chances of PLWH ending up with depression (Senn, Carey, & Vanable, 2010). Limited or lack of mental health integration within PHC HIV services is a source of significant public health burden (Brody et al, 2015). Mental health, it is argued, is an important determinant of HIV outcomes among PLWH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Professionals’ Perceptions of the Integration of Mental Health Into HIV Services

Cele¹,

Mhlongo²

2020

GJHS

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INTRODUCTION: Mental health conditions have been reported to be common in people living with HIV (PLWH). Research has shown that the chances of PLWH experiencing mental health disorders is very high. It is claimed that there exists a link between mental health and HIV, given the neurotoxic effects of treatment on the HIV patients’ central nervous systems. The justification for the incorporation of mental health services into other medical services at the primary health care level is founded on epidemiologic data, which shows that psychiatric conditions are prevalent in primary health care. METHODS: The study adopted a mixed method approach using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The target population included nurses, doctors, psychologists and experts on mental health and HIV attending to patients on a daily basis, at primary health care centres and in mental Health care institutions and HIV service centres. Questionnaires were administered to 200 participants. Focus group discussions were conducted with three groups of health professionals who met the inclusion criteria. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the key informants. The study was done at three primary health care centres rendering mental health and HIV services. RESULTS: It was observed that 75%, of the participants had negative perceptions of the integration of mental health into HIV services at Primary Health care centers. The majority of the participants (85%) disagreed that they had received any form of awareness of links between mental health and HIV. In other words, only 15% agreed. Eighty-nine per cent (89%) stated that people with mental health problems should be treated separately from PLWH. Most health professionals were not ready for the integration of mental health into HIV services. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study revealed that there are still factors that hinder the integration of mental health into HIV services at primary health care centres that need to be taken into consideration before this integration can be implemented successfully.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Untreated or poor mental health contributes to late recruitment into antiretroviral therapy. Among PLWH, Mental health practitioners (MHPs) have also been associated with higher rates of HIV disease progression, hospitalisation, and mortality including suicides (Brody et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Professionals’ Perceptions of the Integration of Mental Health Into HIV Services

Cele¹,

Mhlongo²

2020

GJHS

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“…Factors associated with sex work include limited schooling, the death of a parent, or drinking alcohol (37). Because of the dangers associated with their work, FEWs are at an increased risk for seeking an abortion (38), contracting HIV, experiencing psychological stress, and other health problems (39). Behavior change interventions may provide a way to support the health of FEWs by linking them to high quality HIV prevention and other health services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile phone use among female entertainment workers in Cambodia: an observation study

Brody¹,

Tatomir²,

Tuot³

et al. 2017

mHealth

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Background: Text or voice messages containing health behavior change content may be an inexpensive, discreet, sustainable and scalable way to reach populations at high risk for HIV. In Cambodia, one of the important high-risk populations is female entertainment workers (FEWs). This ethnographic study aims to explore typical phone use, examining patterns and behaviors that may influence the design of future mHealth interventions. Methods:The study consisted of one 8-hour non-participant observation session for 15 randomly sampled Results: In this ethnographic study, all 15 participants made calls, checked the time and received researchrelated texts. More than half (n=8) of the participants engaged in texting to a non-research recipient. About half (n=7) went on Facebook (FB) and some (n=5) listened to music and looked at their FB newsfeed. Fewer played a mobile game, posted a photo to FB, went on YouTube, used FB chat/messenger, watched a video on FB, played a game on FB, used FB call/voice chat, looked at their phone's background or used the LINE app. Fewer still shared their phones, left them unattended, added airtime or changed their SIM cards.When participants received a research text message, most did not share the text message with anyone, did not ask for help deciphering the message and did not receive help composing a response. Notable themes from observer notes, HIV outreach workers and researchers include reasons why phone calls were the most frequent mode of communication, examples of how cell phone company text messages are used as a form of behavior change, literacy as a persistent barrier for some FEWs, and FEWs' high interest in receiving health-related messages and less concern about privacy and phone-sharing issues than expected.Conclusions: This study suggests texting is a part of normal phone use although not as frequently used as voice calls or Facebook. Despite the less frequent use, FEWs were able to send and receive messages, were interested in health messages and were not overly concerned about privacy issues. Texting and voice messaging may be useful tools for health behavior change within the FEW population in Cambodia.

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“…In addition, women connected their alcohol use or their clients' alcohol use to condomless sex [17]. In 2014, the Cambodian Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training extended occupational safety laws to include all entertainment workers and add specific regulations to protect against risks faced by all entertainment workers specifically, including forcing "entertainment workers to work overtime, drink alcohol, use drugs or undergo abortions" [16]. The findings from this study bring up questions about how compliance is monitored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Childhood conditions, pathways to entertainment work and current practices of female entertainment workers in Cambodia: Baseline findings from the Mobile Link trial

Brody

Chhoun²,

Tuot³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BackgroundEntertainment venues have been identified as an important location for HIV prevention due to the increasing number of young female entertainment and sex workers at these venues. The purpose of this report is to increase understanding of the childhood conditions, pathways to entertainment work and current practices of female entertainment workers (FEWs) in Cambodia. MethodsData used for this study were collected in April 2018 as part of the baseline survey of the Mobile Link, a randomized controlled trial to improve sexual and reproductive health of FEWs in Cambodia. We used a stratified random sampling method to recruit 600 FEWs for face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were performed. ResultsMost participants came from childhood homes without electricity (82.0%) or running water (87.0%). Most women moved to the city in the last ten years (80.5%) for economic reasons (43.7%). About a third worked in the garment industry prior to the entertainment industry (36.7%). Participation in transactional sex in the past three months was reported by 36.0%.Women reported low condom use practices with non-paying partners (23.4% used condom with partner at last sex), excessive and forced alcohol use at work (33.1% reported being forced to drink alcohol at work more than once a month), low modern contraception use (31.4% was using modern contraception), and experiences of gender-based violence (23.3% reported verbal threats, physical abuse or forced sex in the past six months). ConclusionsThis information will help to support the development of future individual and structural level interventions for the safety and support of FEWs. In addition, these results may contribute to an evidence base that can inform policy level changes intended to support the realization of full human rights for entertainment works in Cambodia including the rights to health, safety, and respectful employment.

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HIV risk and psychological distress among female entertainment workers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

Health Professionals’ Perceptions of the Integration of Mental Health Into HIV Services

Health Professionals’ Perceptions of the Integration of Mental Health Into HIV Services

Mobile phone use among female entertainment workers in Cambodia: an observation study

Childhood conditions, pathways to entertainment work and current practices of female entertainment workers in Cambodia: Baseline findings from the Mobile Link trial

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