HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting the oral cavity: a clinicopathologic study of 11 cases

Abstract

Background HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the oral cavity are rare lesions with aggressive clinical behaviour. The aim of this study is to describe the clinicopathological features of a series of HIV-related oral non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Material and Methods Eleven cases of oral lymphomas affecting HIV-positive patients were retrieved from 2012 to 2019. Clinicopathological features regarding age, sex, tumour location, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, disease stage and follow-up were obtained. Histologic, immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization for EBV detection were done for diagnosis confirmation. Overall survival was estimated by Kaplan–Meier curve. Results Males predominated, with a mean age of 40.3 years-old. Maxilla and mandible were the mostly affected. Plasmablastic lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (NOS) were the main histological types. Lesions presented as reddish ulcerated swellings, representing the first sign of AIDS in six cases. Stage IV were common (7 cases) and the mean HIV viral load was 10,557 copies/mL, with a mean of 266 CD4+ cells/mm3, 1,278 CD8+ cells/mm3 and a CD4+/CD8+ ratio of 0.26. Eight patients died of the disease (72.7%). Overall survival revealed that 78.2% of the patients died after 21 months of follow-up. Conclusions HIV-related oral lymphomas present a poor prognosis usually diagnosed in advanced stages and in our series plasmablastic lymphoma was the most common subtype. Key words: Oral cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV, survival, prognosis.

Oral manifestations of HIV-infection in patients based on CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts

“…В настоящее время изучается возможная этиология данной патологии, но чаще развитие НХЛ связывают с вирусом группы герпеса Эпштейна-Барр [16]. У ВИЧ-инфицированных НХЛ развиваются на фоне тяжелого иммунодефицита при количестве CD4+ Т-клеток <200 клеток/мкл крови [56,57]. Данные Caby F. et al отличаются от предыдущих исследований.…”

“…В онкологический процесс вовлекаются разные органы и системы организма человека. НХЛ проявляются в виде увеличенных, уплотненных, безболезненных, малоподвижных лимфатических узлов с некротическими участками на небе, десне [16,56,57,58]. АРТ снижает риск развития НХЛ.…”