HIV Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Polydrug Users in Brazil: A Biological Survey Using Respondent Driven Sampling

Baptista, Cremildo João; Dourado, Inês; Andrade, Tarcísio Matos de; Brignol, Sandra; Bertoni, Neilane; Bastos, Francisco I.

doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1812-8

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Most alcohol users (69.6%) reported inconsistent condom use during sexual intercourse, which is considered the most important risk factor for HIV acquisition and transmission. This finding is in agreement with another Brazilian study [ 14 ] that verified that most participants (64.1%) did not use condoms during sexual intercourse as a consequence of previous alcohol/drug use. Compared to the previous editions of this survey and in accordance with the 2016 Brazilian Epidemiological Report, the use of injecting cocaine continued to decline, as did the use of crack (0.8% in the 2007 survey to 0.1% in this study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian army, 2016

et al. 2018

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Since 1996, the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (Departamento de Vigilância, Prevenção e Controle das IST, do HIV, AIDS e Hepatites Virais, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde) in collaboration with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense has conducted periodic and anonymous probability sample surveys to determine the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, the sexual and risk behaviors among conscripts of the Brazilian army. This study aimed to estimate the HIV seroprevalence of conscripts in Brazil by geographic region and to describe behavior in relation to the risk of HIV transmission by analyzing data from the Brazilian Conscripts Survey 8th edition performed in 2016.Conscripts were selected with a 2-stage sampling method stratified by geographical region. The study included a self-reported questionnaire and blood collection for HIV, hepatitis, and syphilis testing. Data from 37,282 conscripts between 17 and 22 years of age were analyzed. Of these conscripts, 73.7% stated that they were sexually active. The overall country-wide prevalence of HIV was 0.12%. The geographic prevalence rates were as follows: north (0.24%), northeast (0.15%), central-west (0.13%), southeast (0.07%), and south (0.10%). The proportion of conscripts who reported having sex with other men was 4.4%, and the estimated HIV prevalence in this group was 1.32%. Regarding prophylaxis use, 45.6% of the participants reported consistent condom use with casual partners within the last year, and 34.5% reported condom use with steady partners within the last year. The independent factors associated with HIV infection were: MSM status (odds ratio [OR] = 14.62; P = .000) and having more than 10 partners over their lifetime (OR = 3.32; P = .028).Our data suggest that the HIV prevalence among young men in Brazil remains stable except for the north region, and MSM continue to be associated with a high risk for HIV infection at a rate that is approximately 13-fold higher than the rate among men without a history of sex with another man. Our findings confirm the need to scale up combination HIV prevention for young men, including MSM, in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian army, 2016

et al. 2018

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“…In 2009, the Brazilian Ministry of Health conducted the first National HIV Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) among MSM, female sex workers (FSWs), and drug users (DU) for HIV. The results showed HIV prevalence of 4.9% among DU, [ 11 ] 5.8% among FSW, [ 12 ] and 12.1% among MSM. [ 13 ] Compared to HIV prevalence in the general population (estimated at 0.37%) [ 2 ] HIV prevalence among DU was 13 times higher, among FSW was 16 times higher, and among MSM was 33 times higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Brazil

et al. 2018

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This paper reports human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in the 2nd National Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 12 cities in Brazil using respondent-driven sampling (RDS).Following formative research, RDS was applied in 12 cities in the 5 macroregions of Brazil between June and December 2016 to recruit MSM for BBSS. The target sample size was 350 per city. Five to 6 seeds were initially selected to initiate recruitment and coupons and interviews were managed online. On-site rapid testing was used for HIV screening, and confirmed by a 2nd test. Participants were weighted using Gile estimator. Data from all 12 cities were merged and analyzed with Stata 14.0 complex survey data analysis tools in which each city was treated as its own strata. Missing data for those who did not test were imputed HIV+ if they reported testing positive before and were taking antiretroviral therapy.A total of 4176 men were recruited in the 12 cities. The average time to completion was 10.2 weeks. The longest chain length varied from 8 to 21 waves. The sample size was achieved in all but 2 cities.A total of 3958 of the 4176 respondents agreed to test for HIV (90.2%). For results without imputation, 17.5% (95%CI: 14.7–20.7) of our sample was HIV positive. With imputation, 18.4% (95%CI: 15.4–21.7) were seropositive.HIV prevalence increased beyond expectations from the results of the 2009 survey (12.1%; 95%CI: 10.0–14.5) to 18.4%; CI95%: 15.4 to 21.7 in 2016. This increase accompanies Brazil's focus on the treatment to prevention strategy, and a decrease in support for community-based organizations and community prevention programs.

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“…2,3 Among young males in the 17-20 age range, HIV prevalence was estimated at 0.12% in 2007. 4 Studies conducted in 2008-2009 estimated prevalence of 4.9% among injecting drug users (IDUs), 5 12.1% among men who have sex with men 6 and 5.8% among women sex workers. 7 According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, 8 the HIV epidemic in Brazil is a concentrated one: prevalence rates among key populations (IDUs, men who have sex with men and women sex workers) are higher than in the general population aged 15 to 49; in 2004, HIV infection prevalence was 0.42%: 0.31% among females and 0.52% among males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologia do HIV e aids no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, 1980-2015*

Pereira

Shimizu²,

Bermúdez³

et al. 2018

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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Objective: to describe the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre (MRPA), Brazil, in the period 1980-2015. Methods: this was a descriptive study using data from Ministry of Health information systems. Results: 83.313 AIDS cases were recorded in the state; during the periods 1980-1990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2015, the detection rates in the state were 1.1, 17.2 and 40.3/100,000 inhab., respectively, and in the MRPA the detection rates were 2.4, 33.6 and 66.9/100,000 inhabitants, while mortality rates were 0.5, 8.5 and 12.6/100,000 inhab. in the state, and 1.3, 17.3 and 21.7/100,000 inhab. in the MRPA; in 2001-2015, the detection rate of HIV+ pregnant women per 1.000 live births in the state was 8.1 and 13.7 in the MRPA, while injecting drug users in the state (8.2%) and in the MRPA (8.9%) also stood out. Conclusion: the epidemic is generalized in the MRPA and with greater magnitude in relation to the state.

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HIV Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Polydrug Users in Brazil: A Biological Survey Using Respondent Driven Sampling

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian army, 2016

HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian army, 2016

HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Brazil

Epidemiologia do HIV e aids no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, 1980-2015*

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