HIV prevalence in suspected Ebola cases during the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone

Liu, William J.; Hu, Haiyang; Su, Qiudong; Zhe, Zhang; Yang, Liu; Sun, Yawang; Yang, Xian-Da; Sun, Dianjianyi; Cai, ShaoJian; Yang, Xiuxu; Kamara, Idrissa; Kamara, Abdul; Lebby, Matt; Kargbo, Brima; Ongpin, Patricia; Dong, Xiao-Ping; Shu, Yuelong; Xu, Wenbo; Wu, Guizhen; Gboun, Michael; Gao, George F.

doi:10.1186/s40249-019-0525-9

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Recently, a study screening blood donor candidates for blood-borne pathogens found an HBsAg prevalence of 15% in men and 13% in women from a single hospital in Tonkolili Province, Sierra Leone. Data of the study conducted in the Tonkolili province on HCV showed a prevalence of 8% in men and 7% in women [16], of which 0.22% was suspected Ebola cases of the 2013-2016 outbreak [17]. These findings illustrate the serious public health risks that viral hepatitis pose in Sierra Leone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Viral Hepatitis B and C Detection among Ebola Survivors and Health Care Workers in Makeni, Sierra Leone

Mafopa¹,

Giovanetti²,

Wadoum³

et al. 2020

JBM

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Viral hepatitis B and C infections are among the leading cause of death in Sub-Saharan Africa. Lack of knowledge and awareness in the general population as in health care settings may enhance the propagation of these diseases. We aimed at determining the prevalence of HBV and HCV in Ebola survivors and health care workers (HCWs) of the Makeni town in Sierra Leone. We conducted a cross-sectional study during the last 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in Makeni among Ebola survivors (N = 68) and 81 Health care workers from Holy Spirit hospital and Loreto clinic, two health care facilities in Makeni district. Serological markers of HBV (HBs Ag, anti-HBs Ab and anti-HBc Ab) and anti-HCV antibodies detection were done using ELISA techniques. The positive detection rates for HBs Ag, anti-HBs Ab and anti-HBc antibodies in Ebola survivors were 23.53% (16/68), 32.35% (22/68) and 88.89% (16/18) respectively. Survivors with a current HBV infection had a positive rate of 38.89% (7/18) and 16.66% (3/18) of them were considered immune due to past HBV infection. HCV prevalence was 26.47% (18/68) and about 10.29%

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Viral Hepatitis B and C Detection among Ebola Survivors and Health Care Workers in Makeni, Sierra Leone

Mafopa¹,

Giovanetti²,

Wadoum³

et al. 2020

JBM

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“…17 However, using ELISA, HCV antibodies were detected in 0.22% of samples of suspected Ebola cases during the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone. 18 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 However, HCV antibodies were detected in 0.22% of samples of suspected Ebola cases during the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone. 18 This disparity in the prevalence of HBV and HCV among the various population groups indicates the need for a more structured study that will provide a solid definition of the prevalence of HBV and HCV among the general population of Sierra Leone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review

Lakoh

García-Tardón²,

Adekanmbi

et al. 2021

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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There are no comprehensive data on viral hepatitis from Sierra Leone; however, a huge disease burden has been observed in different subpopulations. This review summarizes available data on hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) prevalence in Sierra Leone and identifies knowledge gaps. Despite the non-uniformity of the studies and the lack of systematic case recording, different reports published in recent decades yielded a hepatitis B prevalence of 8.7% among healthcare workers, 11.3% among pregnant women, 15.2% among blood donors and 16.7% in school-age children. The actual HBV prevalence in the general population was reported as 21.7%; similar to what was reported for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). HCV prevalence is 8% and 7% in male and female blood donors, respectively, 4.1% in PLHIV and 2.0% in school children. There are significant knowledge gaps regarding the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone, despite the high burden reported in a few studies. There are limited programmatic interventions on the control and prevention of viral hepatitis in the country. Therefore, well-structured representative studies should provide a solid understanding of the true prevalence of hepatitis B and C to inform best possible public health measures in Sierra Leone.

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“…The spread of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) has imposed a considerable challenge to public health systems and influenced the prevalence of other infectious diseases in affected countries [1]. Fruit bats have been identified as the main source of EVD which peaks periodically in West and Central African countries, especially during their migratory seasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) infestation trends across fruit bats migratory seasons

Namahoro¹,

Haijun²

2019

Preprint

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Background : The majority of the rural populace of West and Central Africa participate actively in bushmeat commodity trade. The peak of this trade usually occurs during the migration of massive flocks of fruit bats. Unfortunately, this commercial period happens to coincides with the most conducive time for the spread of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) which is transmitted by these fruit bats. We, therefore, conducted this study to predict EVD infestation trend among individuals who might be vulnerable and/or infected (hunters, vendors, and consumers of bushmeat) as a result of this seasonal bats migration. Methods: A secondary data collected in Ghana and semi-structured questionnaires were administered to international students from 7 countries (Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ghana, Liberia, Zambia, Gabon, Guinea, and Ivory-Coast) and responses collated were used in this study. Bivariate correlation, probabilistic transmission rate of EVD, and probabilistic model (P-SIR) were employed to predict susceptible and infected individuals. Results : In all affected countries, it was observed that; there was a yearly bats’ migration pattern. 80 % of all interviewees confirmed that hunting, trading and consuming of bats influenced the rapid spread of EVD. The bivariate correlation between fruit bats and people involved in the bushmeat commodity chain was significant (p < 0.05) and the probability of infected bats were equally significant across the sampled countries. The estimated probabilistic rate was between 0.0099 and 0.01120, while individuals susceptible to EVD were predicted to be approximately between 5 and 45 (hunters), 0-18 f(vendors), and 25-90 (consumers). Conclusion : The migratory season of fruit bats contributes to EVD transmission in the most affected countries. People should avoid bushmeat consumption or eradicate all activities leading to the interaction with fruit bats to reduce the spread of EVD (Ebola) especially during the migratory seasons. Policy-makers and government agencies should also put in mechanisms that will protect their citizens during the fruit bats season. Keywords : bushmeat commodity chain, Ebola, migration season, EVD, fruit bats

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HIV prevalence in suspected Ebola cases during the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Viral Hepatitis B and C Detection among Ebola Survivors and Health Care Workers in Makeni, Sierra Leone

Viral Hepatitis B and C Detection among Ebola Survivors and Health Care Workers in Makeni, Sierra Leone

Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review

Prediction of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) infestation trends across fruit bats migratory seasons

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