HIV Prevalence and Sexual Behaviors Among Transgender Women in Tehran, Iran

Moayedi-Nia, Saeedeh; Taheri, Leila; Rouzbahani, Negin Hosseini; Rasoolinejad, Mehrnaz; Nikzad, Rana; Ardebili, Mehrdad Eftekhar; Mohraz, Minoo

doi:10.1007/s10461-018-02380-w

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In recent years, there has been a decrease in the prevalence rate of HIV among three key populations of people who inject drugs, female sex workers and prisoners [5]. A current study in Tehran has also presented a 1.9% prevalence rate of HIV among transgender women [6]. Further, the prevalence rate of HIV among working and street children in Tehran was reported to be 4.5% in 2016 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of the HIV/AIDS policy-making process in Iran

Khodayari‐Zarnaq

Mosaddeghrad

Nadrian

et al. 2019

Health Res Policy Sys

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Background A huge number of people living with HIV / AIDS lives in developing countries. Thus, strengthening health systems in these countries is a prerequisite for improving disease prevention and care. After three decades of HIV/AIDS policy-making in Iran, conducting a comprehensive analysis on the policy process seems to be essential. In the present study, we aimed to analyse the HIV/AIDS policy-making process in Iran from 1986 to 2016. Methods This was a theory-based, multi-method and retrospective study. Interviewing of key informants and review of policy documents were concurrently conducted to identify and include further key informants (39 participants) and documents in the study. Framework analysis was used to analyse data. Results The mean age of participants working in HIV/AIDS policy-making was of 48 years and participants had a mean of 14 years of working experience. Findings were categorized as contextual factors, content of HIV/AIDS policies, actors involved in the policy process, and evidence use in the policy process. Contextual effective factors on the HIV/AIDS policy-making process were categorized into five major themes, namely situational factors, structural-managerial factors, socioeconomic factors, political and legal factors, and international factors. The HIV/AIDS phenomenon in Iran was identified to be deeply rooted in the culture and traditions of society. The HIV/AIDS policy content has, recently, been crystallized in the national strategic plans and harm reduction policies of the country. The policy process has been conducted with a solely governmental top-down approach and is now suffering from poor evidence and lack of sufficient consideration of contextual factors. Conclusions There is a great need for change in the approach of government towards the issue and to increase the participation of non-governmental sectors and civil society in the policy process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of the HIV/AIDS policy-making process in Iran

Khodayari‐Zarnaq

Mosaddeghrad

Nadrian

et al. 2019

Health Res Policy Sys

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“…The prevalence of HIV infection among other high‐risk groups has been estimated at 2.1% among FSW (in 2015) and 0.8% among prisoners (in 2016) based on the latest national bio‐behavioural surveys [34]. No study has been conducted among men having sex with men (MSM), and only one study reported the HIV prevalence of 1.9% among transgender women in 2014 [35]. Accordingly, although the prevalence of HIV has been much lower than PWID, non‐injecting PWUD would be considered one of the high‐risk groups for HIV infection in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV prevalence among non‐injecting people who use drugs and related factors in Iran: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Gholami

Rostam–Abadi

Rahimi

et al. 2021

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Issues This systematic review aimed to provide an updated estimate on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among non‐injecting people who use drugs (PWUD) and the various subgroups and the odds of HIV infection in the injecting compared to non‐injecting PWUD. Approach A comprehensive search of international, regional and national databases was performed from January 2005 to May 2020. We conducted backward citation tracking of the included studies and contacted experts for unpublished studies. Studies providing HIV prevalence among non‐injecting PWUD were included. Data were also drawn from a previous systematic review, covering 10 years from 1998 to 2007, and was added to the new database. The HIV prevalence was pooled for non‐injecting PWUD and other subgroups using the random‐effects model. Key Findings Seventeen studies with a total sample of 9912 non‐injecting PWUD were found. The prevalence of HIV infection was 1.9% (95% confidence interval 0.9, 3.1) for 2007 and afterward (nine studies). It was not significantly different from the estimate for the years before 2007 (0.5%; 95% confidence interval 0.0, 2.0; eight studies). No significant difference was found among gender subgroups. The overall estimate of odds of HIV infection among injecting PWUD was 5.7 (95% confidence interval 3.2, 10.0) times higher than non‐injecting PWUD. Implications and Conclusions The HIV prevalence among the non‐injecting PWUD was higher than the general population in Iran. Targeting non‐injection PWUD by preventive measures such as harm reduction, drug and psychoeducation, and surveillance seem to be crucial in reducing HIV prevalence in this group.

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“…Las posiciones sexuales en el sexo anal y sus significaciones son importantes para el VIH, ya que quien ejerce el papel de "activo" conlleva menor riesgo de adquirirlo 31,32 . También se rescatan estrategias de poder 33 que se dan cuando las parejas sexuales utilizan el amor y confianza como elementos para manipular la toma de decisiones 34 . Como consecuencia, el riesgo del VIH es mayor, tanto por simultaneidad de parejas como por no usar condón 35,36 .…”

Section: El Género Y El Vih En Las Relaciones Interpersonalesunclassified

“¿Por qué pasa esto? Porque vivimos en una sociedad que constantemente te dice que no eres mujer”: género y riesgo del VIH en mujeres trans del noreste mexicano

et al. 2022

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Las mujeres trans enfrentan un riesgo desproporcionado de adquirir el VIH. Este estudio analiza cualitativamente el riesgo del VIH en mujeres trans mexicanas desde el género como estructura social. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado en el noreste de México. Se hicieron 15 entrevistas a mujeres trans de entre 22 y 69 años y se realizó un análisis temático. El análisis de las entrevistas reveló tres categorías temáticas: construcciones sociales del VIH y estigma, el género y el VIH en las relaciones interpersonales, y el género y el VIH en las instituciones y la política. Los resultados muestran que las construcciones sociales del VIH se tejen en el colectivo, a partir de la interacción con otras mujeres trans. El VIH es un fenómeno atravesado por la temporalidad sociohistórica y, en ese sentido, se generan las percepciones de riesgo frente a él. El género como estructura de opresión se vincula con las experiencias de estigma y discriminación, así como la búsqueda de la legitimación del género a través de las relaciones con parejas sexuales. Las instituciones y la política pública se relacionan con el acceso a los servicios de salud, además se identifican y analizan las barreras institucionales, personales y colectivas a partir de la identidad de género. La política sostiene y refuerza la marginalización de las mujeres trans impactando en el riesgo del VIH. Los resultados muestran que el riesgo del VIH es un fenómeno multicausal basado en el género como estructura de opresión con implicaciones sistémicas.

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HIV Prevalence and Sexual Behaviors Among Transgender Women in Tehran, Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Comprehensive analysis of the HIV/AIDS policy-making process in Iran

Comprehensive analysis of the HIV/AIDS policy-making process in Iran

HIV prevalence among non‐injecting people who use drugs and related factors in Iran: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“¿Por qué pasa esto? Porque vivimos en una sociedad que constantemente te dice que no eres mujer”: género y riesgo del VIH en mujeres trans del noreste mexicano

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