HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Men Having Sex With Men

Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Khamisy‐Farah, Rola; Tsigalou, Christina; Mahroum, Naim

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.922887

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…Notably, our results are pertinent and timely regarding the contemporary risk for HIV-1 infection among MSM in that condomless sex has steadily increased in the last two decades 30,31 . Moreover, although PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV-1 infection in MSM 32 , PrEP has been associated with aberrations in gut microbiota 33,34 . In conclusion, our results emphasize the myriad disruption of gut microbiota in PWH related to sexual activity and its significant contemporary consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion is mediated by the gut microbiome and proinflammatory cytokines

Peddada,

Lin,

Chen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The association between HIV-1 seroconversion and gut dysbiosis is well documented, and its association with sexual activity is also widely recognized. However, it is not known whether the gut dysbiosis mediates the effects of high-risk sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion. In this report we focused on men who engaged in high-risk sexual behavior where they had receptive anal intercourse with multiple men. We demonstrate that proinflammatory cytokines, sCD14 and sCD163, and gut microbiota mediate the effects of this high-risk sexual behavior on subsequent HIV seroconversion. We discovered changes in the gut microbial ecology, prior to seroconversion, both in terms of the composition as well as inter-relationships among the commensal species. Furthermore, these changes correlate with future HIV seroconversion. Specifically, as the number of sexual partners increased, we discovered in a “dose-response” manner, a decrease in the abundance of commensal and short-chain fatty acid-producing species, A. muciniphila, B. caccae, B. fragilis, B. uniformis, Bacteroides spp., Butyricimonas spp., and Odoribacter spp, and an increase in proinflammatory species Dehalobacterium spp. and Methanobrevibacter spp. These changes were also observed among subsequent HIV seroconverters. Interestingly, we also discovered a reduction in correlations among these commensal and short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria in a “dose-response” manner with the number of sexual partners. Our mediation analysis not only provides a conceptual model for the disease process but also provides clues for future clinical interventions that will manipulate the gut microbiota to treat high-risk subjects to prevent HIV seroconversion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion is mediated by the gut microbiome and proinflammatory cytokines

Peddada,

Lin,

Chen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The oropharynx of men using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis is enriched with antibiotic resistance genes: A cross-sectional observational metagenomic study

Dijck

Laumen

Block

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection

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Sexual behavior is linked to changes in gut microbiome and systemic inflammation that lead to HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men

Lin,

Chen,

Abror-Lacks

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

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Pathogenic changes in gut microbial composition precede the onset of HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men (MSM). This process is associated with increased levels of systemic inflammatory biomarkers and risk for AIDS development. Using mediation analysis framework, in this report we link the effects of unprotected receptive intercourse among MSM prior to primary HIV-1 infection to higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines sCD14 and sCD163 in plasma and a significant decrease in the abundance of A. muciniphila, B. caccae, B. fragilis, B. uniformis, Bacteroides spp., Butyricimonas spp., and Odoribacter spp., and a potential increase in the abundance of Dehalobacterium spp. and Methanobrevibacter spp. in stools of MSM with the highest number of sexual partners. These differences in microbiota, together with a reduction in the pairwise correlations among commensal and short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria with a number of sexual partners, support an increase in gut dysbiosis with the number of sexual partners. These results demonstrate the interconnectedness of sexual behavior, immune response, and microbiota composition, notably among MSM participating in high-risk sexual behaviors.

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HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Men Having Sex With Men

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

The effect of sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion is mediated by the gut microbiome and proinflammatory cytokines

The effect of sexual behavior on HIV-1 seroconversion is mediated by the gut microbiome and proinflammatory cytokines

The oropharynx of men using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis is enriched with antibiotic resistance genes: A cross-sectional observational metagenomic study

Sexual behavior is linked to changes in gut microbiome and systemic inflammation that lead to HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men

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