HIV Infection and Progression of Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis: The CARE Study

Mangili, Alexandra; Polak, Joseph F.; Skinner, Stuart; Gerrior, Jül; Sheehan, Heidi; Harrington, Anita; Wanke, Christine

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31822d4993

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…El GIM elevado es un conocido marcador de aterosclerosis precoz que se ha relacionado con la existencia de enfermedad cardiovascular y el desarrollo de episodios coronarios 19 . Comparados con la població n general, los pacientes con VIH suelen tener un GIM má s elevado y en su progresió n se han implicado factores de riesgo tradicionales y el TAR, en particular la exposició n a IP 5,13,20,21 . En nuestro estudio hemos observado que el fenotipo «hipertrigliceridemia-cintura Tabla 2 Odds ratio a para el grosor íntima-media elevado entre los pacientes distribuidos por triglicé ridos y cintura y los pacientes con síndrome metabó lico segú n los criterios de la IDF y ATP III, y lipodistrofia Prevalencia de lipodistrofia (barras grises) y síndrome metabó lico (barras oscuras) distribuida por grupos de cintura y triglicé ridos.…”

Section: Discusió Nunclassified

El fenotipo «hipertrigliceridemia-cintura abdominal aumentada» es un factor de riesgo de aterosclerosis subclínica en pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

et al. 2012

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El fenotipo «hipertrigliceridemia-cintura abdominal aumentada» es un factor de riesgo de aterosclerosis subclínica en pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

et al. 2012

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“…HIV-infected participants were recruited from our unit's longitudinal cohort for the CARE Study (Mangili et al, 2011), community health and infectious diseases clinics, and the community at large; uninfected participants were recruited from community health clinics, Tufts Medical Center, and the community at large. Exclusion criteria included factors identifi ed as having potential confounding effects on the intestinal microbiota: namely, age younger than 20 years or older than 60 years, BMI less than 20 kg/ m 2 or greater than 30 kg/m 2 , antibiotic use in the previous 8 weeks, probiotic use in the preceding 4 weeks, and gastrointestinal morbidity (including irritable bowel syndrome, infl ammatory bowel disease, history of gastrointestinal cancer or surgical resection, or acute, severe gastrointestinal symptoms requiring medical attention).…”

Section: Clinical and Laboratory Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Cocaine Use and HIV Infection With the Intestinal Microbiota, Microbial Translocation, and Inflammation

Volpe

Ward

Mwamburi

et al. 2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

101

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ABSTRACT. Objective: HIV and illicit drug use have been associated with altered nutrition, immune function, and metabolism. We hypothesized that altered composition and decreased diversity of the intestinal microbiota, along with microbial translocation, contribute to nutritional compromise in HIV-infected drug users. Method: We enrolled 26 men and 6 women, 15 HIV infected and 17 HIV uninfected, in this exploratory, cross-sectional study; 7 HIV-infected and 7 HIV-uninfected participants had used cocaine within the previous month. We examined the independent effects of cocaine use and HIV infection on the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, determined by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Using dietary records, anthropometrics, and dual x-ray absorptiometry, we examined the additional effects of nutritional indices on the intestinal microbiota. We compared markers of infl ammation and microbial translocation between groups. Results: Cocaine users had a higher relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (M ± SD = 57.0% ± 21 vs. 37.1% ± 23, p = .02) than nonusers. HIV-infected individuals had a higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria (Mdn [interquartile range] = 1.56% [0.5, 2.2] vs. 0.36% [0.2, 0.7], p = .03), higher levels of soluble CD14 and tumor necrosis factor-, and lower levels of anti-endotoxin core antibodies than uninfected subjects. HIV-infected cocaine users had higher interferon-levels than all other groups. Food insecurity was higher in HIV-infected cocaine users. Conclusions: We identifi ed differences in the relative abundance of major phyla of the intestinal microbiota, as well as markers of infl ammation and microbial translocation, based on cocaine use and HIV infection. Nutritional factors, including alcohol use and lean body mass, may contribute to these differences. (J.

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“…2 Therefore, logically, these abnormalities potentially accelerate the risk for cardiovascular disease in the HIV population. 3,4 Hence, HIV clinicians have become involved in evaluating and treating dyslipidemia alongside HIV treatment. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease triglyceride levels in HIV-infected patients with wasting and hypertriglyceridemia, 5 and are often included as part of dyslipidemia management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Triglycerides and High-Density Lipoprotein Subprofiles in HIV-Infected Persons with Hypertriglyceridemia

Paranandi

Asztalos

Mangili

et al. 2014

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (HDL-C) may contribute to a presumed accelerated risk for cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals. We evaluated the effect of omega-3 fatty acid treatment on triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C, HDL-C, and HDL subpopulations. Forty-one HIVseropositive subjects with hypertriglyceridemia ( ‡ 150 mg/dl) on active antiretroviral therapy were enrolled in this placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, crossover trial comparing the effects of omega-3 fatty acid treatment (1.9 g EPA and 1.5 g DHA) on triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and HDL subpopulations. An independent sample t-test was used to assess the study start to posttreatment change for all components. After omega-3 fatty acid treatment, triglyceride levels decreased 63.2 -86.9 mg/dl ( p < 0.001). No significant changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, or HDL-C were found. Within HDL subpopulations, significant changes were seen in the most atheroprotective HDL particles, a-1, which increased by 2.5 -5.6 mg/dl ( p < 0.05), and prea-1, which increased by 0.6 -1.0 mg/dl ( p < 0.001). Prea-3, a presumably atherogenic HDL particle, decreased by 0.5 -0.9 mg/dl ( p < 0.01). Omega-3 fatty acid treatment significantly lowered triglyceride levels in HIV-positive patients with moderate hypertriglyceridemia. While no study-wide improvements in LDL-C or HDL-C were detected, the HDL subpopulation profile changed in a beneficial way suggesting more cardioprotection after treatment.

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HIV Infection and Progression of Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis: The CARE Study

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

El fenotipo «hipertrigliceridemia-cintura abdominal aumentada» es un factor de riesgo de aterosclerosis subclínica en pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

El fenotipo «hipertrigliceridemia-cintura abdominal aumentada» es un factor de riesgo de aterosclerosis subclínica en pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

Associations of Cocaine Use and HIV Infection With the Intestinal Microbiota, Microbial Translocation, and Inflammation

Short Communication: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Triglycerides and High-Density Lipoprotein Subprofiles in HIV-Infected Persons with Hypertriglyceridemia

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