HIV-infected cannabis users have lower circulating CD16+ monocytes and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 levels compared with nonusing HIV patients

Rizzo, Michael D.; Crawford, R. J.; Henriquez, Joseph E.; Aldhamen, Yasser A.; Gulick, Peter; Amalfitano, Andrea; Kaminski, Norbert E.

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000001704

Cited by 65 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with a previous study reporting that cannabis use was associated with lower plasma HIV RNA levels among recently infected PLWH [7], and with reports of reduced HIV replication and cellular infection rates in the presence of cannabinoids in vitro [19,20]. Further, cannabis use has been associated with decreased frequencies of interleukin 23 and tumor necrosis factor α [8] and, more recently, with the reduction of interferon-γ inducible protein 10 levels in plasma [21]. Altogether, these findings point to a potential anti-inflammatory effect of cannabis that, in turn, might positively impact HIV replication and persistence [22], although another study has suggested that tetrahydrocannabinol may enhance HIV replication by suppressing immune functions in mice [23], and this possibility should be evaluated in future, larger clinical studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Cannabis Use on Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA During Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Chaillon¹,

Nakazawa²,

Anderson³

et al. 2019

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Cannabis Use on Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA During Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Chaillon¹,

Nakazawa²,

Anderson³

et al. 2019

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…These trends are consistent with a recent large study that found MJ use was associated with lower odds of neurocognitive impairment, and higher verbal fluency and learning performance, in PLWH, but not in the SN participants (11). This paradoxical effect of MJ use in SN and HIV + individuals might be related to the anti-inflammatory effects from some of the MJ constituents on the neuroinflammation in PLWH (32,33). For example, Δ9-THC suppresses cytokine-induced T-cell activation (32,33) and lowers the monocyte-derived proinflammatory factor IP-10 in vitro (33).…”

Section: Cognitive Performance In Chronic Mj Users With and Without Hsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This paradoxical effect of MJ use in SN and HIV + individuals might be related to the anti-inflammatory effects from some of the MJ constituents on the neuroinflammation in PLWH (32,33). For example, Δ9-THC suppresses cytokine-induced T-cell activation (32,33) and lowers the monocyte-derived proinflammatory factor IP-10 in vitro (33). Furthermore, MJ-using HIV + participants showed faster decline of cellular HIV DNA levels during the first 4 months of cART, compared with those who did not use MJ or used other substances (34).…”

Section: Cognitive Performance In Chronic Mj Users With and Without Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Brain Abnormalities in HIV+ Individuals with or without Chronic Marijuana Use

Wang

Liang

Ernst

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective Cognitive deficits and microstructural brain abnormalities are well documented in HIV-positive individuals (HIV+). This study evaluated whether chronic marijuana (MJ) use contributes to additional cognitive deficits or brain microstructural abnormalities that may reflect neuroinflammation or neuronal injury in HIV+. Method: Using a 2 × 2 design, 44 HIV + participants, [23 minimal/no MJ users (HIV+), 21 chronic active MJ users (HIV + MJ)], were compared to 46 seronegative participants [24 minimal/no MJ users (SN) and 22 chronic MJ users (SN + MJ)] on neuropsychological performance (7 cognitive domains) and diffusion tensor imaging metrics, using an automated atlas to assess fractional anisotropy (FA), axial (AD), radial (RD), and mean (MD) diffusivities, in 18 cortical and 4 subcortical brain regions, Results Compared to SN and regardless of MJ use, the HIV + group had lower FA and higher diffusivities in multiple white matter and subcortical structures (p = 0.001–0.050), as well as poorer cognition in Fluency (p = 0.039), Attention / Working Memory (p = 0.009), Learning (p = 0.015) and Memory (p = 0.028). Regardless of HIV-serostatus, MJ users had lower AD in uncinate fasciculus (p = 0.016) but similar cognition as non-users. No additive or interactive effects were found between HIV-serostatus and MJ use on DTI metrics or cognitive function. Furthermore, higher MD in thalamus predicted poorer fluency, learning and memory in HIV + participants, while higher RD in posterior corona radiata predicted poorer learning in MJ users. Lower FA in the anterior internal capsule also predicted worse attention/working memory in all except SN subjects. Lastly, MJ users with or without HIV-infection showed greater than normal age-dependent FA declines in superior longitudinal fasciculus, external capsule and globus pallidus.

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“…Controlled studies in SIV-infected RMs showed that chronic cannabinoid treatment slowed disease progression, prolonged survival, and attenuated infection-induced inflammation [ 24 , 25 ]. Moreover, high-intensity cannabis-smoking HIV-infected individuals had reduced plasma HIV viral load [ 26 ], circulating CD16 + monocytes, and plasma IP-10 levels [ 27 ], observations that confirmed the findings in SIV-infected RMs [ 24 ]. Indeed, the protective effects of chronic THC administration in the RM intestine involve selective modulation of anti-inflammatory miRNA expression [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Long-Term Low-Dose Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannbinol (THC) Administration to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Infected Rhesus Macaques Stimulates the Release of Bioactive Blood Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) that Induce Divergent Structural Adaptations and Signaling Cues

Lyu

Kopcho

Mohan

et al. 2020

Cells

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Blood extracellular vesicles (BEVs) carry bioactive cargo (proteins, genetic materials, lipids, licit, and illicit drugs) that regulate diverse functions in target cells. The cannabinoid drug delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is FDA approved for the treatment of anorexia and weight loss in people living with HIV. However, the effect of THC on BEV characteristics in the setting of HIV/SIV infection needs to be determined. Here, we used the SIV-infected rhesus macaque model of AIDS to evaluate the longitudinal effects of THC (THC/SIV) or vehicle (VEH/SIV) treatment in HIV/SIV infection on the properties of BEVs. While BEV concentrations increased longitudinally (pre-SIV (0), 30, and 150 days post-SIV infection (DPI)) in VEH/SIV macaques, the opposite trend was observed with THC/SIV macaques. SIV infection altered BEV membrane properties and cargo composition late in infection, since i) the electrostatic surface properties (zeta potential, ζ potential) showed that RM BEVs carried negative surface charge, but at 150 DPI, SIV infection significantly changed BEV ζ potential; ii) BEVs from the VEH/SIV group altered tetraspanin CD9 and CD81 levels compared to the THC/SIV group. Furthermore, VEH/SIV and THC/SIV BEVs mediated divergent changes in monocyte gene expression, morphometrics, signaling, and function. These include altered tetraspanin and integrin β1 expression; altered levels and distribution of polymerized actin, FAK/pY397 FAK, pERK1/2, cleaved caspase 3, proapoptotic Bid and truncated tBid; and altered adhesion of monocytes to collagen I. These data indicate that HIV/SIV infection and THC treatment result in the release of bioactive BEVs with potential to induce distinct structural adaptations and signaling cues to instruct divergent cellular responses to infection.

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HIV-infected cannabis users have lower circulating CD16+ monocytes and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 levels compared with nonusing HIV patients

Abstract: Components of cannabis, including THC, may decelerate peripheral monocyte processes that are implicated in HIV-associated neuroinflammation.

Cited by 65 publications

References 57 publications

Effect of Cannabis Use on Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA During Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Effect of Cannabis Use on Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA During Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Microstructural Brain Abnormalities in HIV+ Individuals with or without Chronic Marijuana Use

Long-Term Low-Dose Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannbinol (THC) Administration to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Infected Rhesus Macaques Stimulates the Release of Bioactive Blood Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) that Induce Divergent Structural Adaptations and Signaling Cues

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