HIV in the South

Rawlings, M. Keith; Parham-Hopson, Deborah

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48744-7_8

Cited by 2 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The United States (U.S.) federal government launched the "Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America" (EHE) initiative in 2019 with the goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030 [1]. Six of the seven states identified as key statewide targets in the EHE initiative due to a disproportionate occurrence of HIV in rural areas are in the South [2,3]. The South is home to 38% of the U.S. population but accounted for more than half of all new HIV diagnoses in 2018 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The South is home to 38% of the U.S. population but accounted for more than half of all new HIV diagnoses in 2018 [4]. Additionally, the rate of AIDS diagnosis (10.3 per 100,000) was higher in the "Deep South" than in the U.S. general population (6.7 per 100,000) [3]. The EHE initiative prioritizes wider pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage, especially among populations at higher risk of HIV, including Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) [1,3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the rate of AIDS diagnosis (10.3 per 100,000) was higher in the “Deep South” than in the U.S. general population (6.7 per 100,000) [ 3 ]. The EHE initiative prioritizes wider pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage, especially among populations at higher risk of HIV, including Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) [ 1 , 3 , 5 ]. Thus, the aims of this article are to review current empirical studies and epidemiologic data on the state of PrEP use among BMSM in the Southern states and to provide recommendations for future research and programmatic directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a meta-analysis that compared disparities and risks of HIV infection among MSM in the U.S., United Kingdom, and Canada found greater poverty and lower rates of health insurance among BMSM in the U.S. than in the UK and Canada [ 9 ]. Black MSM living in the U.S. South—especially those in rural areas—may experience particular access barriers and healthcare systems issues—including systemic racism—that negatively affect their health outcomes [ 3 ]. Of the estimated 36,801 new HIV diagnoses in the U.S. in 2019, 69% were among men who have sex with men (MSM), and 37% were among BMSM [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimates suggest that BMSM in the South are five times more likely to acquire HIV than their White counterparts [ 6 , 13 ]. Black MSM living in Southern states are less likely to be tested for HIV; if HIV-positive, they are less likely to initiate antiretroviral treatment (ART), be retained in care, and achieve an undetectable viral load when compared to White MSM [ 3 , 5 ]. The use of antiretrovirals for PrEP is a safe and highly effective method that has been demonstrated through multiple clinical trials to prevent HIV [ 3 , 6 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (BMSM) in the Southern U.S.

Adeagbo

Harrison

Qiao

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) living in the United States (U.S.) South are disproportionately affected by HIV and experience significant disparities in HIV incidence, access to HIV care, and prevention across ages and socio-economic statuses. The aim of this commentary is to critically review current literature on the state of PrEP use among BMSM in the U.S. South, including identifying barriers and facilitators to PrEP use in order to inform intervention development. Extant literature shows that despite the documented benefits of PrEP as an effective HIV-prevention method, its uptake among BMSM is limited across the U.S. South. Common barriers to PrEP uptake included stigma, homophobia, mistrust of healthcare systems, negative attitudes from healthcare providers, access and transportation issues, poverty, and misinformation about PrEP. These barriers are likely to have been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited access to PrEP and other HIV-prevention programs, such as HIV testing, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and condoms for BMSM are likely increase HIV incidence in this community. Moreover, the rapid expansion of telehealth services during the COVID-19 period may offer increased opportunity to scale-up PrEP through telehealth interventions, especially if in-person services remain limited due to pandemic precautions. Given the intersectional barriers that limit the access and uptake of PrEP among BMSM, we suggest that tailored programs or interventions that seek to address PrEP disparities among Southern BMSM should adopt intersectional and interdisciplinary approaches to better understand the complex challenges of scaling up PrEP. More studies are needed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on HIV-prevention services among BMSM and to understand how to co-develop—with the BMSM community and healthcare providers—culturally acceptable interventions to reduce the identified challenges using intersectional and interdisciplinary approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%