HIV Care Outcomes in Relation to Racial Redlining and Structural Factors Affecting Medical Care Access Among Black and White Persons with Diagnosed HIV—United States, 2017

Structural equation model of intersectional microaggressions, discrimination, resilience, and mental health among black women with hiv.

“…In 2019 an estimated 152,100 cisgender Black women were living with HIV and the rate of new HIV diagnoses among Black women was 11 times the rate for White women and 4 times the rate for Latina women (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021). These health disparities are likely driven by pervasive re-occurring stressors/adversities faced by Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) including poverty, violence, unstable housing, neighborhood deprivation, and health care deserts that thwart access to care and HIV prevention, testing, and treatment (Dale, Cohen, Weber, et al, 2014; Dale, Dean, et al, 2019; Geter et al, 2018; Logan et al, 2022). Due to intersectional and interlocking systems of oppression such as racism, sexism, HIV stigma, and heterosexism (Berger, 2010), BWLWH also face adversities including microaggressions (daily subtle insults) and discrimination/macroaggressions (e.g., denial of housing) that impact mental health (Dale et al, 2018; Dale & Safren, 2019, 2020; Nadal et al, 2010).…”