HIV at 40: kidney disease in HIV treatment, prevention, and cure

Lucas, Anika; Wyatt, Christina M.

doi:10.1016/j.kint.2022.06.021

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…APOL1 gene missense mutations underlie the higher incidence of endstage kidney disease in patients of African descent and the greater prevalence of classic HIVAN in black PLWH not yet on cART. 130 This health disparity was identified many years before the landmark discovery of the APOL1 renal risk variants. The high-risk APOL1 genotype encompasses 2 renal risk variants, G1 and G2 alleles.…”

Section: Renal Comorbidities In People Living With Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV

McCutcheon,

Nqebelele,

Murray

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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Contemporary World Health Organization data indicates that ≈39 million people are living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Of these, 24 million have been reported to have successfully accessed combination antiretroviral therapy. In 1996, the World Health Organization endorsed the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy, transforming human immunodeficiency virus infection from being a life-threatening disease to a chronic illness characterized by multiple comorbidities. The increased access to combination antiretroviral therapy has translated to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) no longer having a reduced life expectancy. Although aging as a biological process increases exposure to oxidative stress and subsequent systemic inflammation, this effect is likely enhanced in PLWH as they age. This narrative review engages the intricate interplay between human immunodeficiency virus associated chronic inflammation, combination antiretroviral therapy, and cardiac and renal comorbidities development in aging PLWH. We examine the evolving demographic profile of PLWH, emphasizing the increasing prevalence of aging individuals within this population. A central focus of the review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms that underpin the heightened susceptibility of PLWH to renal and cardiac diseases as they age.

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Section: Renal Comorbidities In People Living With Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV

McCutcheon,

Nqebelele,

Murray

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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“…Kidney disease in PWH is associated with multiple risk factors, in addition to factors related to the patients themselves, such as HIV infection, genetic susceptibility, comorbidities and coinfections. Renal toxicity of some antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) is also an important risk factor (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TDF, a prodrug of tenofovir (TFV), exhibits limited plasma stability and an exceptionally short half-life of 0.4 minutes. In plasma, most TDF undergoes conversion to TFV (13,14), which is subsequently excreted via glomerular passive filtration and tubular active secretion (11,15). A prevailing hypothesis suggests that TFV accumulation inhibits mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ, resulting in reduced mitochondrial DNA content and oxidative respiratory chain dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal safety of tenofovir alafenamide-based antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV: A mini-review

Zhao,

2024

BST

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“…The TyG index, a noninsulin-based marker combining triglyceride and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, is linked to increased risk of CKD in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients [13]. Meanwhile, PWHA was vulnerable because of lower immunity, immune dysfunction, medication exposure, and susceptibility to infections, all potentially impacting their renal function [14][15][16]. A national study conducted in adults reported that long-term exposure to particulate matter was linked with a higher TyG index [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient particulate matter and renal function decline in people with HIV/AIDS

Ma,

Liang,

Han

et al. 2023

Aids

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Objective: We aimed to explore the effect of particulate matter (PM) exposure on renal function in people living with HIV/AIDS (PWHA). Methods: A total of 37,739 repeated measurements were conducted on eGFR levels, serum creatinine (Scr), and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in 6,958 PWHAs. The relationship between 1–28 day moving averages of PM concentrations with Scr and eGFR was assessed using linear mixed-effects models. Modified Poisson regression models were employed to assess the associations of cumulative PM exposure with the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mediation analyses were used to examine the role of TyG index. Results: Short-term exposure to PM was related to reduced renal function. The strongest associations between exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 and percent changes in eGFR were observed at 7-day moving average exposure windows, with a respective decrease of 0.697% (−1.008%, −0.386%), 0.429% (−0.637%, −0.220%), and 0.373% (−0.581%, −0.164%) per IQR increment. Long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 was positively linked with the incidence of CKD, with each IQR increment corresponding to fully adjusted RRs (95% CIs) of 1.631 (1.446, 1.839), 1.599 (1.431, 1.787), and 1.903 (1.665, 2.175), respectively. TyG index mediated 8.87%, 8.88%, and 7.58% of the relationship between cumulative exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 and increased risk of CKD, respectively. Conclusion: Exposure to PM among PWHAs is linked to reduced renal function, potentially contributing to increased CKD incidence, where the TyG index might serve as a partial mediator.

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HIV at 40: kidney disease in HIV treatment, prevention, and cure

Cited by 5 publications

References 79 publications

Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV

Cardiac and Renal Comorbidities in Aging People Living With HIV

Renal safety of tenofovir alafenamide-based antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV: A mini-review

Ambient particulate matter and renal function decline in people with HIV/AIDS

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