HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Induce Phospholipase A2 Activation in Human and Macaque Lymphocytes

Abstract

We investigated the early interactions between HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope glycoproteins gp120(IIIB), gp105(ROD), and gp120(mac251), and human and macaque cells of the lymphocytic series. Our results demonstrate that the soluble viral glycoproteins induce a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through CD4. This PLA2 activation was induced after envelope glycoprotein-CD4 interaction and, because of its local membrane-destabilizing effect, may have important implications for preparing the lymphocyte membrane for fusion with the viral particle. However, this effect is not sufficient to accomplish fusion. These data indicate that the specific step of fusion may be downstream from PLA2 activation.

An immune-active tumor microenvironment favors clinical response to ipilimumab

“…Most of these genes were immunerelated including T cell markers such as CD3E and CD8B; cytotoxic factors (GNLY and various granzymes); IFNinducible chemokine CXCL11 [19] and receptor CXCR6 [20]; and other immune-related genes (TLR8 [21], LCK [22], PLA2G2D [23], TNFRSF17 [24], IGH [25], and ADAMDEC1 [26]). Mean expression of these genes increased after ipilimumab treatment in both the CA and No-CA groups, but increases in the CA group were larger (Fig.…”

Comparative analysis of natural killer cell activity, lymphoproliferation and lymphocyte surface antigen expression in nonhuman primates housed at the CIRMF Primate Center, Gabon

“…PBMCs were separated on a Ficoll -Hypaque (Sigma) density gradient as previously described [26,27]. The cells obtained were resuspended in complete medium, which included RPMI-1640 supplemented with 100 mg/ml penicillin, 100 mg/ ml streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1 M HEPES buffer, 1% nonessential amino acids and 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (ICN Flow, Fontenay Sous Bois, France).…”

Genomic profiling of plasmablastic lymphoma using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): revealing significant overlapping genomic lesions with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

“…Of interest, segmental gains of 16p12-16p13.2 and 11q14-11q14, occurred more frequently in HIV positive cases suggesting that these lesions may be related to HIV associated malignancies (PL-HIV+ = 4/10 and AIDS-related DLBCL = 9/13 vs. 1/27 HIV-negative cases for 16p12-16p13.2 and PL-HIV+ = 3/10 and AIDS-related DLBCL = 12/13 vs. 1/27 HIV-negative cases for 11q14-11q14, p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test with correction for false discovery rate using the Benjamini and Hochberg method [ 13 ]). The potential candidate genes include PLA2 [ 18 ]. This gene has been shown to be activated by HIV envelope glycoproteins and may participate in the fusion of HIV and lymphocytes.…”