HIV/AIDS versus smoking‐induced cancer: A comparison of South African students’ attributions of culpability, and risk‐taking behaviour

Finchilescu, Gillian

doi:10.1080/02533950208458725

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The influence of upbringing and socialisation in fuelling some of these elements needs to be examined. Attribution of risk to the high prevalence of HIV in the black population, and lack of personal experience of AIDS among whites, confirms previous findings (Finchilescu 2002;Marcus 2002;Macintyre, Rutenberg et al 2004;Govender 2006). However, these are inconsistent with the fact that sexual behaviour implications for black youth were not positively associated with their exposure to HIV.…”

Section: Stereotypes About Group Charactersupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The continued use of these stereotypes can be explained by conclusions from Finchilescu (2002), which show that when people do not believe themselves to be at risk, responsibility and blame are commonly directed at those infected already. This poses a danger of perpetuating both HIV stigma (Skinner and Mfecane 2004) and prejudice against blacks.…”

Section: Stereotypes About Group Charactermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, prevalence among the white population has increased in less than ten years, from 2.4% reported among a working population sampled nationally (Colvin, Gouws et al 2000), to 6% reported from a national prevalence study that sampled from the general population (Shisana, Rehle et al 2009). Secondly, perceptions of risk for HIV infection are important in the promotion of protective behaviours (Moore and Rosenthal 1991;Finchilescu 2002;Kaaya, Mukoma et al 2002;Marcus 2002;Macintyre, Rutenberg et al 2004;Skinner and Mfecane Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS VOL. 7 NO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Negative stereotypes examined through the HIV and AIDS discourse: qualitative findings from white young people in Johannesburg, South Africa

Nduna

Mendes

2010

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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Previous studies reporting perceptions of HIV and AIDS by white youth in South Africa suggest both explicit and implicit racial stereotypes and negative attitudes. This paper contributes to the literature on the discourse of racial stereotypes found in discussions about HIV and AIDS. The study was conducted in the suburb of Edenvale, north-east of Johannesburg, South Africa. Three focus group discussions were held with mixed-sex, white middle-class participants aged 16 to 24. Key findings show stereotypes related to cultural knowledge and group character of black youth. Participants spoke negatively of ignorance, illiteracy, traditionalism, backwardness and lack of civilisation among black youth. Black youth were negatively represented as relying on ancestors and traditional healers for guidance. Participants reasoned that black young males were sexually irresponsible and promiscuous, and were spreading HIV intentionally. Thus it is imperative that contemporary HIV prevention interventions in South Africa address and dispel stereotypes reproducing racist discourses. Keywords: adolescents, HIV, stereotypes, race, racism, youth, South Africa.Mzikazi Nduna is a lecturer in the Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. She has research interests in sexual and reproductive health, gender and gender-based violence and psychological distress. She worked on the adaptation and evaluation of the Stepping Stones programme. She is currently visiting professor at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Jacky Mendes is a Masters Research Psychology student in the Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand. Jacky is interested in social determinants of health, HIV prevention, youth, gender and social discourses of intergroup relations. Jacky was a youth representative at the Psychological Association of South Africa in 2009. RésuméDes études antérieures sur les perceptions du VIH et du SIDA chez la jeunesse banche en Afrique du Sud suggèrent l' existence de stéréotypes raciaux explicites et implicites et des attitudes négatives. Cet article contribue à la littérature sur le discours des stéréotypes raciaux relevés dans les discussions à propos du VIH et le SIDA. L' étude a été menée dans la banlieue d'Edenvale, au nordest de Johannesburg, en Afrique du Sud. Trois groupes de discussion ont été formés avec des participants et participantes blancs issus de la classe moyenne et âgés de 16 à 24 ans. Les principales conclusions de ces échanges montrent l' existence de stéréotypes à propos du bagage culturel et du comportement de groupe de la jeunesse noire. Les participants ont évoqué de manière péjorative l'ignorance, l'analphabétisme, le traditionalisme, le retard et l'absence de civilisation des jeunes noirs. Ceux-ci sont dépeints négativement comme des personnes se fiant à des ancêtres et des guérisseurs traditionnels. Les participants sont parvenus à la conclusion que les jeunes hommes noirs étaient sexuellement irresponsables, de moeurs légères, et qu'ils étaient en t...

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Section: Stereotypes About Group Charactersupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Stereotypes About Group Charactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Negative stereotypes examined through the HIV and AIDS discourse: qualitative findings from white young people in Johannesburg, South Africa

Nduna

Mendes

2010

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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“…Gender-based power imbalances and forms of violence towards women (Flisher, Myer, Mèrais, Lombard, & Reddy, 2007;Pettifor, Measham, Rees, & Padian, 2004;Varga, 2003); high-risk sexual practices (Jewkes & Morrell, 2010); relationship characteristics (Protogerou, Flisher, Wild, & Aaro, 2013); high HIV/AIDS stigma (Finchilescu, 2002;Gilbert & Walker, 2010); extensive involvement with religion (Agha, Hutchinson, & Kusanthan, 2006;Gamer, 2000) and high religiosity (Aitken, 2005;Protogerou et al, 2013;Zaleski & Schiaffino, 2000); government policies regarding safe-sex and contraception (Giarelli & Jacobs, 2003); and the specific context surrounding intercourse (Kalichman, Simbayi, Cain, & Jooste, 2009;Morojele, Brook, & Kachieng'a, 2006;Scott-Sheldon, Carey, Carey, Cain, Harel, Mehlomakulu, & Kalichman, 2012), have all been found to shape condom use in South Africa.…”

Section: The South African Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors shaping condom use among South African university students: a thematic analysis

Protogerou

Flisher

Wild

2014

Journal of Psychology in Africa

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This study aimed to investigate contextual influences on condom use by South African university students. Twenty one-toone, semi-structured interviews were conducted with male and female South African undergraduates. The data were thematically analysed. Results revealed that condom use was transient and often unrelated to disease prevention. Condom use was impeded by closer perceived intimacy, gender dynamics, and social stigma against proposing use of condoms in a presumably committed relationship. Public health policies regarding condom, pill and injection pricing / promotion, and religious toleration also hampered condom use, by encouraging a preference over hormonal contraception or proscribing contraceptive measures altogether. The results provide a basis for considering the impact of immediate and wider social contexts on condom use, as proposed by socio-ecological models of HIV risk behaviour.

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“…Perceptions of invulnerability to risks of HIV, for example, redirect both responsibility and blame onto others (Finchilescu 2002). Skinner and Mfecane (2004) argue that distancing and denial reduce the need to adapt, and negatively affect behaviour change.…”

Section: Gender Race and Responsibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Racing risk, gendering responsibility: a qualitative study of how South African students talk about sexual risk and responsibility

Riet

Nicholson

2014

African Journal of AIDS Research

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Individuals' perceptions of risk have implications for whether and how they engage with protective strategies. This study investigated how sexual risk, specifically HIV and pregnancy and responsibility for these risks were constructed in discussions across five groups of youth in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The qualitative study used focus groups and interviews with a sample of 28 tertiary level students and 7 peri-urban youth. The constructions of risk intersected with raced and gendered narratives around sexual risk and responsibility. These constructions were used by the participants to assign and displace responsibility for the risks of HIV and pregnancy, rendering some groups immune to these risks. This constitutes a form of stigmatisation and also has implications for participants' prevention practices.

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HIV/AIDS versus smoking‐induced cancer: A comparison of South African students’ attributions of culpability, and risk‐taking behaviour

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Negative stereotypes examined through the HIV and AIDS discourse: qualitative findings from white young people in Johannesburg, South Africa

Negative stereotypes examined through the HIV and AIDS discourse: qualitative findings from white young people in Johannesburg, South Africa

Factors shaping condom use among South African university students: a thematic analysis

Racing risk, gendering responsibility: a qualitative study of how South African students talk about sexual risk and responsibility

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