HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Japan, 1984–2000

Kihara, Masahiro; Ono-Kihara, Masako; Feldman, Mitchell D.; Ichikawa, Seiichi; Hashimoto, Shuji; Eboshida, Akira; Yamamoto, Taro; Kamakura, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.1097/00126334-200302011-00009

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Our findings suggest a low overall HIV-1 seroprevalence of 1.2% (range 0.0% to 4.5%) for nine countries surveyed in South America, with significantly higher HIV seroprevalences in Argentina (4.5%) and Paraguay (2.6%). Previously published, population based, HIV seroprevalence studies among FCSW high risk groups have also reported similar low prevalences in other regions of the world, including Australia (0.2%) in 2001, 18 Japan (1%-3%) in 1984-2000, 19 and the Philippines (1%-2%) in 2003. 20 The absence of HIV infection among FCSW in Venezuela and Chile confirms the very low HIV seroprevalences previously reported in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among female commercial sex workers in South America

Bautista

2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Objective: Assessment of HIV prevalence and associated risk behaviours among female commercial sex workers (FCSW) across major cities in South America. Methods: Seroepidemiological, cross sectional studies of 13 600 FCSW were conducted in nine countries of South America during the years 1999-2002. Participants were recruited in brothels, massage parlours, hotels, and streets where anonymous questionnaires and blood samples were collected. HIV infection was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening and western blot confirmatory tests. Results: The overall HIV seroprevalence was 1.2% (range 0.0%-4.5%). The highest HIV seroprevalences were reported in Argentina (4.5%) and Paraguay (2.6%); no HIV infected FCSW were detected in Venezuela and Chile. Consistent predictors of HIV seropositivity were: (1) a previous history of sexually transmitted infections (STI, AORs = 3.8-8.3), and (2) 10 years or more in commercial sex work (AORs = 2.2-24.8). In addition, multiple (>3) sexual contacts (AOR = 5.0), sex with foreigners (AOR = 6.9), use of illegal drugs (AOR = 3.2), and marijuana use (AOR = 8.2) were associated with HIV seropositivity in Southern Cone countries. Conclusions: Consistently low HIV seroprevalences were detected among FCSW in South America, particularly in the Andean region. Predictors of HIV infection across the continent were STI and length of commercial sex work; however, use of illegal drugs, especially marijuana, and sexual contacts with foreigners were also found to be associated risk factors in the Southern Cone region. Interventions for the control of HIV and other STI need to be region and country specific; drug use appears to have an ever increasing role in the spread of HIV among heterosexually active populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among female commercial sex workers in South America

Bautista

2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…This decline was attributed to a shift to less risky behavior (Becker and Joseph, 1988;Moatti et al, 1989;Winkelstein et al, 1988) and death due to AIDS (Blower and van Griensven, 1993;Chesson et al, 2003;Winkelstein et al, 1987b). However, there have been reports of increasing incidence of HIV (Bluthenthal et al, 2001;Calzavara et al, 2002Calzavara et al, , 2003aCalzavara et al, , 2004adel Romero et al, 2001;Dukers et al, 2002;Hogg et al, 2001;Kellogg et al, 2001;Kihara et al, 2003) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (CDC, 1998(CDC, , 1999(CDC, , 2002(CDC, , 2003b(CDC, , 2003c(CDC, , 2004b(CDC, , 2004c(CDC, , 2004d Subst Use Misuse Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Michigan University on 11/01/14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Club Drugs as Causal Risk Factors for HIV Acquisition Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Review

Drumright

Patterson

Strathdee

2006

Substance Use & Misuse

184

183

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We reviewed medical and psychology databases for articles published between January 1980 and August 2005 demonstrating associations between HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infection risk and club drug use. Seventy-four articles were reviewed, of which 30 provided adjusted risk ratios for associations between HIV/sexually transmitted infection risk and club drug use among men who have sex with men. Definitions and lists of club drugs were broad and inconsistent. We constructed a conceptual framework of biologically plausible pathways for causation. Using Hill's criteria to examine club drugs as causal risk factors for HIV, we found the most evidence for methamphetamine and volatile nitrites; however, more studies are needed.

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“…For example, in 2002, the incidence of Chlamydia infection in Japanese females aged 15-24 years was found to be 968 -1183 per 100,000 person-years, a much higher rate than that of older age groups [2]. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) cases in Japan have also been increasing since the 1990s [3]. Moreover, a greater percentage of Japanese youth have sexual intercourse today than in the past, and age at initiation of sex is decreasing [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship of Condom Use with Other Sexual Risk Behaviors among Selected Japanese Adolescents

Takakura

Wake

Kobayashi

2007

Journal of Adolescent Health

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HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Japan, 1984–2000

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among female commercial sex workers in South America

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among female commercial sex workers in South America

Club Drugs as Causal Risk Factors for HIV Acquisition Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Review

Relationship of Condom Use with Other Sexual Risk Behaviors among Selected Japanese Adolescents

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