HIV/AIDS Risk Among Brothel-Based Female Sex Workers in China: Assessing the Terms, Content, and Knowledge of Sex Work

Huang, Yingying; Henderson, Gail E.; Pan, Suiming; Cohen, Myron S.

doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000143107.06988.ea

Cited by 166 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to the China public security agencies, there are an estimated 4 million female sex workers (FSWs) in China, 16 although many public health experts believe that the actual number could reach 10 million. 17 The National STD Surveillance System indicated that the majority of STIs were acquired through extramarital sex, including commercial sex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infection Underreporting Among Female Sex Workers in China

Hong

Fang

Zhou

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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Objective: To examine the underreporting of sexually transmitted infections (STI) (i.e., no STI by self-report but have at least one STI through biological testing or clinical examination) and factors associated with underreporting among female sex workers (FSWs) in China. Methods: A total of 454 FSWs were recruited from entertainment establishments in a rural county of Guangxi, China. Participants completed a self-administered survey about their demographic and working characteristics, history of STI (past or current infections), sexual history and practices, and HIV=STI-related knowledge and perceptions; 411 of the sample were also tested for syphilis, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia, Trichomonas, and genital warts. Conclusions: Underreporting of STI was prevalent in FSWs, especially among women with perceived lower STI risks. The underreporting might be largely due to their perception of low risks for STI and unawareness of STI symptoms (including asymptomatic STIs). Future studies of FSWs should identify those new in commercial sex with lower STI awareness and perceived risks and encourage them to seek timely and appropriate testing and treatment.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infection Underreporting Among Female Sex Workers in China

Hong

Fang

Zhou

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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“…Eligible individuals were assessed by the local investigators for study eligibility at sex venues and interviewed by the same investigators for collecting sociodemographic and behavioral data. Sex worker typologies were defined based on a modification of earlier anthropological analyses of Chinese sex workers [16]. In this study, FSWs were categorized into 3 tiers according to the venues where they solicited clients.…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Structural Intervention for Syphilis Control Among 3597 Female Sex Workers: A Demonstration Study in South China

Wang

Yin

et al. 2012

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background. Syphilis has made a rapid resurgence in China, especially among high-risk groups including female sex workers (FSWs).Methods. Two cities in each of 3 provinces in South China were chosen and allocated to intervention or control arms. The intervention consisted of enhancing community-based syphilis screening outreach intervention with comprehensive sexually transmitted infection services at designated clinics while the control maintained routine intervention activities. Generalized linear modeling was used to examine effect of the intervention on incident syphilis infection.Results. A total of 8275 women were eligible, and 3597 women enrolled (n = 2011 in control arm, n = 1586 in intervention arm) in the study. The median follow-up duration was 375 days (interquartile range, 267-475). Syphilis incidence density in the intervention group was reduced by 70% (95% confidence interval, 53%-81%) compared with the incidence in the control arm. The syphilis prevention intervention benefits were robust among FSWs at low-tier venues, individuals with less than high school education, migrants, and women who did not report condom use during the last episode of sex.Conclusions. Integrated sexually transmitted infection and human immunodeficiency virus prevention strategies substantially reduce syphilis incidence among FSWs, especially among those at low-tier venues. This intervention suggests the need for scaling up comprehensive FSW programs in China.

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“…This widely cited estimate lies approximately in the middle of a range of estimates of 1 to 10 million female sex workers in China (Huang et al 2004;Schafer 2003;Yuan et al 2002). In our model, female prostitutes are found in both urban (cities and towns) and rural areas (counties), consistent with evidence from numerous studies of female sex workers that suggest the widespread availability of commercial sex across urban and rural China (Hong and Li 2007;Wang et al 2009).…”

Section: Demographic Inputs (Table 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broader width of our simulated age range of female prostitutes is informed by recent studies which employed sampling approaches intended to reach the most hidden pockets of this population who are not establishment-based (e.g. road-side sex workers) and whose age is as high as the upper thirties and early forties (Huang et al 2004;Ding et al 2005;Merli et al 2008). …”

Section: Demographic Inputs (Table 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculine sex ratios, population age structure and the potential spread of HIV in China

Merli

Hertog²

2010

DemRes

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HIV/AIDS Risk Among Brothel-Based Female Sex Workers in China: Assessing the Terms, Content, and Knowledge of Sex Work

Cited by 166 publications

References 20 publications

Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infection Underreporting Among Female Sex Workers in China

Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infection Underreporting Among Female Sex Workers in China

The Effect of a Structural Intervention for Syphilis Control Among 3597 Female Sex Workers: A Demonstration Study in South China

Masculine sex ratios, population age structure and the potential spread of HIV in China

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