HIV/AIDS-related visceral leishmaniasis: a clinical and epidemiological description of visceral leishmaniasis in northern Brazil

Albuquerque, Leonardo Cordenonzi Pedroso de; Mendonça, Iatan Rezende; Cardoso, Polyana Nascimento; Baldaçara, Leonardo; Borges, Maria João; Borges, Joelma da Costa; Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0180-2013

Cited by 33 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…An increase of the disease in adults older than 40 years is noted in the second period of this study ( Table 2), which can also be attributed to HIV coinfection [42][43][44] . From 2008, the number of adult patients exceeded the number of children with VL in Ceará, however, VL-HIV coinfection was predominant in the 20-39 year age group 12 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Changes in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2001 to 2014

Reis

Balieiro

Fonseca

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease, with territorial expansion and regional differences in Brazil that require explanation. This study aimed to describe changes in the epidemiology of VL in Brazil from 2001 to 2014. Methods: The incidence rates, sociodemographic and clinical data, and case evolution were subgrouped from 2001 to 2006 and from 2007 to 2014 and presented descriptively. Spatial distribution of disease incidence rates and changes in the spatial and temporal pattern were examined. Results: In total, 47,859 VL cases were reported in Brazil between 2001 and 2014, with predominance in the Northeast macroregion (55%), though the incidence rate in this region declined between the two study periods. The State of Tocantins had the highest crude rate (26.2/100,000 inhabitants), which was responsible for VL increasing in the North macroregion. VL predominated in the urban zone (70%), in children under 4 years (34%); however, an increase in the incidence of VL in adults older than 40 years was identified, with 12.3% and 31% in the first and second period, respectively. The mapping of crude rates and autochthonous canine cases showed territorial expansion. The temporal distribution of VL was consistent in Brazil in general, with no pattern observed, but regional differences were found. Conclusions: The incidence of VL is increasing in Brazil. In addition to the State of Tocantins, which had the highest rate, new outbreaks of VL have occurred in the South macroregion of Brazil with small decreases identified in the incidence rate in the Northeast.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Changes in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2001 to 2014

Reis

Balieiro

Fonseca

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…A região Norte do Brasil é considerada zona endêmica de doenças infectocontagiosas, como hanseníase, síndrome da imunodeficiência humana adquirida (AIDS), leishmaniose, malária, leptospirose, tuberculose e hepatite 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 . E, ainda, configura local de doenças reemergentes como cólera e febre tifoide 12,15 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Meningite: Aspectos Epidemiológicos Da Doença Na Região Norte Do Brasil

Dias¹,

Rodrigues²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2017

Rev Pat Tocantins

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A região Norte do Brasil é considerada zona endêmica de diversas doenças infectocontagiosas, das quais podemos citar a meningite. A doença possui diversos fatores causais, sendo que a etiologia viral é a mais comum, porém a de origem bacteriana apresenta-se como responsável pela maior taxa de mortalidade. Entretanto, apesar da sua relevância no contexto de saúde pública na região Norte do país, poucos são os estudos publicados sobre a meningite na região. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um estudo transversal com o objetivo de traçar o perfil dos indivíduos acometidos por essa doença no Norte do Brasil entre os anos de 2012 e 2015. Os dados foram obtidos no banco de dados oficial do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). No período de estudo, ocorreu queda no número de casos notificados, houve predominância do sexo masculino, da faixa etária entre 0 e 19 anos e de etiologia bacteriana. Este trabalho, associado a estimativas globais, pode fornecer subsídios para ações de prevenção e controle da meningite na região Norte. Palavras-chave: Meningite; Região Norte; Brasil; Epidemiologia. ABSTRACT Northern region of Brazil is considered an endemic area of several infectious diseases, such as meningitis. The disease has several causal factors, and the viral etiology is the most common, but the bacterial origin is responsible for the highest mortality rate. However, despite its relevance in the context of public health in the northern region of the country, there are a few published studies on meningitis in the region. So, a cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of tracing the profile of the individuals affected by this disease in Northern Brazil between the years of 2012 and 2015. Data were collected from the official database of the notification of injury information system. During the study period, there was a decrease in the number of cases reported, there was a predominance of males, ages ranging from 0 to 19 years and bacterial etiology. This work, combined with global estimates, can provide subsidies for prevention and control of meningitis in the North. Keywords: Meningitis; Northern Brazil; Epidemiology.

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“…18, 19 The incidence of VL/HIV co infection increased from 0.32/100,000 in 2007 to 1.08/100,000 in 2010 in Northern Brazil. 20 While 51% of 90 confirmed VL patients in a urban referral centre in Brazil were HIV coinfected. 21 In Ethiopia 10.4% -40%of VL patients were co-infected with HIV in different centres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on pharmacotherapy for leishmaniasis

Sundar

Chakravarty

2014

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

245

191

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Introduction Leishmaniasis broadly manifests as visceral leishmaniasis (VL), cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The treatment of leishmaniasis is challenging and the armamentarium of drugs is small, duration of treatment is long, and most drugs are toxic. Areas covered A literature search on treatment of leishmaniasis was done on PubMed. Single dose of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) and multidrug therapy (L-AmB + miltefosine, L-AmB + paromomycin (PM), or miltefosine + PM) are the treatment of choice for VL in the Indian subcontinent. A 17-day combination therapy of pentavalent antimonials (Sbv) and paromomycin remains the treatment of choice for East African VL. L-AmB is the recommended regimen for VL in the Mediterranean region and South America. Treatment of CL should be decided by the severity of clinical lesions, etiological species and its potential to develop into mucosal leishmaniasis. Expert opinion There is an urgent need to implement a single dose L-AmB or combination therapy in the Indian subcontinent. Combination therapy with newer drugs needs to be tested in Africa. Due to the toxicity of systemic therapy, a trend towards local treatment for New World CL (NWCL) is preferred in patients without risk of mucosal disease.

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HIV/AIDS-related visceral leishmaniasis: a clinical and epidemiological description of visceral leishmaniasis in northern Brazil

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Changes in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2001 to 2014

Changes in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil from 2001 to 2014

Meningite: Aspectos Epidemiológicos Da Doença Na Região Norte Do Brasil

An update on pharmacotherapy for leishmaniasis

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