HIV/AIDS-Associated Opportunistic Protozoal Diarrhea

Agholi, Mahmoud; Hatam, Gholamreza; Motazedian, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1089/aid.2012.0119

Cited by 114 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Oral-anal and oral genital contact predisposes homosexuals to infection with enteric pathogens. 35 IPI was higher among PLHA having CD 4 -T cell counts <200/µl than having ≥200/µl, which shows agreements with reports from other countries regarding IPI in different CD 4 ranges 25,28,36,37 as well as from Nepal. 4,38 In studies conducted in Nepal, more than three-fifth to four-fifth of the HIV patients with CD 4 T-cell count <200 were found having parasitic infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS visiting a central hospital of Kathmandu Nepal

et al. 2017

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Backgrounds:Intestinal Parasitic Infection (IPI) plays a vital role in the prognosis of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). Aims and Objectives: In this study, we aimed to measure the prevalence and associated factors of IPI among PLHA and non-HIV patients attending Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku, Kathmandu. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 PLHA and 111 non-HIV patients having either of gastrointestinal disorders. Direct smear, Formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation and Kinyoun's modified acid fast staining methods were applied to detect intestinal parasites from stool samples and CD 4 T-cell counts of PLHA was recorded from ART centre of hospital. Results: The overall prevalence of IPI was found to be 16.12% (19.17% in PLHA and 10.81% in non-HIV subjects). Prevalence was higher in PLHA (p<0.06) in which poly parasitic infection was common (24%) with the protozoa predominating over helminths. CD 4 T-cell counts <200/µl (p<0.06) and diarrhoea (p<0.06) were associated with increased IPI in PLHA. Cryptosporidium parvum was found in 19.05% cases of PLHA having CD 4 T-cell counts <200/µl. Conclusions: The higher prevalence of opportunistic protozoa among PLHA indicates the need of routine parasitic investigation using sensitive methods so that it will be helpful for the proper therapeutic management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS visiting a central hospital of Kathmandu Nepal

et al. 2017

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“…C. andersoni is a gastric parasite which has been associated with reduced milk yield in dairy cattle and decreased weight gain in post weaned calves (Olson et al 2004) and is occasionally detected in humans (Leoni et al, 2006;Morse et al, 2007;Waldron et al, 2011;Agholi et al, 2013;Jiang et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2014). Two studies in China by the same research group have reported that C. andersoni was the most prevalent Cryptosporidium species detected in humans Liu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium in animal and human isolates from Jordan

Hijjawi

Mukbel

Yang

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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(Mukbel R). #Joint first authors Highlights First genotyping study of Cryptosporidium in animals in Jordan  Faecal samples (n=284) from domestic animals and humans (n=48) screened  Overall prevalence of 11.6% in animals and six species detected.  Novel Cryptosporidium genotype detected in horses AbstractLittle is known about the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in Jordan and to date, only one genotyping study has been conducted on Cryptosporidium isolates from Jordanian children. In the present study, a total of 284 faecal samples from Jordanian cattle, sheep, goats and chicken and 48 human faecal samples were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium using an 18S quantitative PCR (qPCR) and a C. parvum/C. hominis specific qPCR at a lectin locus. Of these, 37 of 284 animal faecal samples were positive by qPCR at the 18S locus giving an overall prevalence of 11.6%. The point prevalence of Cryptosporidium in chickens, sheep, horses, cattle and goats ranged from 4.8% (chickens) to 18.7% (cattle). A total of six species were detected; C. xiaoi (n=9), C.andersoni (n=7), C. ryanae (n=5), C. parvum (n=4), C. baileyi (n=1) and a genetically distinct and potentially novel species in two isolates from horses. Sub-genotype analysis of the 4 C. parvum isolates at the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) locus identified subtype IIaA19G2R1 (n=2) and IIaA16GR1 (n=2). For the human samples, 4 positives (8.3% prevalence) were detected. Of these, two were C. parvum (subtypes IIdA20G1 and IIaA15G2R1) and two were C. hominis (subtypes 1bA9G3 and 1bA10G2R2). Further studies are required to better understand the epidemiology and transmission of Cryptosporidium in Jordan.

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“…Furthermore, C. andersoni is recognized as one of the most common opportunistic and non-opportunistic pathogens HIV/AIDS patient with chronic diarrhea [13]. In China, C. andersoni was the dominant species in cattle [14].…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%