HIV-1- prevalence among drug deaths in major cities of central and northern Europe

Püschel, Klaus; Lockemann, U.; Schneider, Victoria; Brettel, Hauke; Penning, R.; Rajs, Jovan; Fugelstad, Anna; Kringsholm, Birgitte; Risser, Daniele; Vonlanthen, B.

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(92)90046-y

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…6 10-17 They showed that the rate of HIV positivity in drug addicts varied over periods of time 13 16 and, quite significantly, with geography. 15 Although, our findings give rise to reservations about extrapolating data, it has been suggested that medicolegal studies involving a wide variety of deaths give useful information on HIV infection, even in low prevalence areas, and may reflect the incidence in the population, being particularly sensitive to early epidemiological changes. 6 There seems to have been no comparable investigations for HCV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C markers among a cadaver population in Milan.

Cattaneo¹,

Nuttall²,

Molendini³

et al. 1999

J Clin Pathol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C markers among a cadaver population in Milan.

Cattaneo¹,

Nuttall²,

Molendini³

et al. 1999

J Clin Pathol

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“…The results of our group have been published year by year [2][3][4][5]. We came to the conclusion that DARD is a valuable indicator for the negative impact and the new EurAddict Res 1996;2:169-173life-threatening risks associated with drug abuse, includ ing the spread of infectious diseases among users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The definition includes: death by single overdose, by multisubstance abuse and influence of adulterants/additives, poisoning due to accidental exposure, chronic intoxi cation, suicides of drug addicts, drug abuse-related accidents, drug abuse-related diseases [1], Methods of postmortem serological HIV-1 testing (screening by ELISA and Western blot confirmation in positive cases) proved to be a safe and reproducible procedure [for details see ref. [2][3][4][5]. The exact cause of death was established by autopsy, histological and toxicolog ical investigations.…”

Section: Materials and M Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 Prevalence among Drug Abuse-Related Deaths in Europe (1993)

Püschel¹,

Lockemann²,

Wischhusen³

1996

Eur Addict Res

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Since 1985 the Institutes of Forensic Medicine in Germany and in several European cities have cooperated in a multicenter study to monitor HIV-1 prevalence among drug abuse-related deaths. Data for 1993 are presented from Berlin, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Munich, Bilbao, Coimbra, Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Helsinki, Madrid, Oslo, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna and Zurich. Regional differences are obvious. HIV-1 prevalence rates are low in Scandinavia (Helsinki 0%, Oslo 6.1 %, Stockholm 6.4%, Copenhagen 6.6%) and comparatively high in the Mediterranean area (Bilbao 79%, Madrid 53.6%, Coimbra 37.5% and Rome 27.3%). The prevalence rate seems to be stabilizing in German cities at a rate of about 5–15%.

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Human immunodeficiency virus in cadavers: A review

2019

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Millions of people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, limited research focuses on post-mortem HIV detection. Post-mortem HIV testing is vital because medical records are not always available, and the HIV status can be unknown. The aims of this study were to review the available literature and determine the most efficient HIV test for post-mortem samples, the optimal tissue or bodily fluid to be tested, and the duration that HIV remains reliably detectable. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Terms were related to HIV (HIV detection, HIV testing, HIV prevalence) and deceased individuals (post-mortem, cadaver, deceased, organ donor). Inclusion criteria included English studies, or articles with at least an English abstract, while review articles were excluded. From this literature search, 43 studies were applicable. These studies most commonly used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot as screening and confirmation tests, respectively. As for the optimal tissue or bodily fluid, serum remained the golden standard, while testing skin seemed promising. HIV remains detectable in the body up to 58 days after death, although few studies tested samples after 48 h. Knowledge of the HIV status can be beneficial in the case of accidental exposure and can create a range of possible research opportunities on the effects of HIV in different organ systems. This review outlined several gaps in the current literature and future studies should investigate these gaps because this information can be relevant to numerous professions. Clin. Anat. 32:603-610, 2019.

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HIV-1- prevalence among drug deaths in major cities of central and northern Europe

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C markers among a cadaver population in Milan.

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C markers among a cadaver population in Milan.

HIV-1 Prevalence among Drug Abuse-Related Deaths in Europe (1993)

Human immunodeficiency virus in cadavers: A review

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