HIV-1 Inhibitory Compounds from Calophyllum brasiliense Leaves

Abstract

The hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of Calophyllum brasiliense leaves were fractionated following a three bioassay guide: high HIV-1 RT inhibition, low cytotoxicity on MT2 cells and high inhibition of HIV-1 IIIb/LAV replication. This led to the isolation of three anti HIV-1 dipyranocoumarins: calanolides A and B and soulattrolide. In contrast, other isolated compounds such as apetalic acid, isoapetalic acid, a structural isomer of isoapetalic acid, friedelin, canophyllol and amentoflavone were devoid of HIV-1 RT inhibitory activity. Calanolide C was also obtained as a natural product and showed moderate inhibitory properties.

rac-[3-Hydroxy-6,9-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-1,9-epoxybenzo[c]chromen-4-yl](phenyl)methanone

“…Previous phytochemical investigations on the genus show the existence of xanthones (Bandaranayak et al 1975;Walia & Mukerjee 1984;Ee et al 2005b), coumarins (Bandaranayak, Selliah et al 1975;Morel, Guilet et al 1999;Awang, Chan et al 2010), terpenoids (Ee et al 2005a) and essential oils (Bala & Seshadri 1971). These secondary metabolites have been extensively reported for their biological activities; for instance antifungal (Pinto et al 1994), anticancer (Ee et al 2005a), antibacterial (Mazumder, Dastidar et al 2004;Verotta, Lovaglio et al 2004), and anti-HIV-1(Huerta- Reyes et al 2004). However, pharmacognosy and preliminary phytochemical analysis on this species have not been reported before.…”

“…For the biological activity of Congestiflora species, see : Pinto et al (1994); Ee et al (2005a); Mazumder et al (2004); Verotta et al (2004); Huerta-Reyes et al (2004). For related structures, see: Hua et al (2008); Liu et al (2005).…”

Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Capacity of a Dichloromethane Extract of Dicerocaryum senecioides Leaves

“…To this end, plants have been shown to have very high anti-oxidative activity that makes them potential anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and pro-apoptotic agents. Indeed, in drug discovery or drug assessment using cell lines, researchers endeavour to find compounds that lead to the triggering of apoptosis or programmed cell death in diseased cells such as cancer or HIV infected cells (Cragg et al, 1993;Cragg & Newman, 2000;de Mesquita et al, 2011;Huerta-Reyes et al, 2004;Klos et al, 2009). A candidate drug is, therefore, introduced to the cells and its effects ascertained.…”

Antiviral Activity of Herbal Extracts Against the Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus (Literature Review)

“…Так, показано, что целый ряд экстрактов трав обладал подавляющим действием на ВИЧ. В их числе Artemisia annua [23] и Calophyllum brasiliense [12,18]. Отмечена противо-вирусная активность экстрактов лекарственных растений против вирусов простого герпеса [25,34], гепатита С [32,33], вируса гриппа А [10] и др.…”