HIV-1, hepatitis (A,B, and C), and measles in Romanian children

Rudin, C; Berger, R.; Tobler, R; Nars, P. W.; Just, M; Pavic, N.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)93380-8

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The prevalence of chronic HBV infections in adopted children from Korea, Taiwan, The Philippines and India is about 30%. In Romania, the exact percentage of infected children is unknown, but HBsAg prevalence rates among adopted children are reported at 35%, confirming that the infection is widespread among the population [11]. Many adopted children in our study come from Romania and from the (former) Russian Federation, where immunization and screening programs are lacking and where improperly sterilized parenteral medications/materials, routine neonatal transfusions and life in bleak institutes are commonplace.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Native versus Immigrant or Adopted Children in Italy Following the Compulsory Vaccination

Giacchino

Zancan

Vajro³

et al. 2001

Infection

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Native versus Immigrant or Adopted Children in Italy Following the Compulsory Vaccination

Giacchino

Zancan

Vajro³

et al. 2001

Infection

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“…We found that only 4 of 546 screened children (0.7%) were positive for HBsAg. The HBsAg positivity rate of internationally adopted children in the literature varies in general between 2 and 6% [6,11,13,14,30], with values as high as 20 to 34% reported in Romanian children [10,31,32]. Possible explanations for our lower rates include the fact that most of the adoptees originated from China, where, since 1996, children known to be HBsAg positive are not released for adoption [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Infectious diseases in internationally adopted children: Epidemiology and risk factors

Hervouet-Zeiber

Robert

Carceller

et al. 2015

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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The aim of this study was to determine type, prevalence and risk factors for infectious diseases in internationally adopted children. The number of internationally adopted children is still increasing and the countries of origin change with time. Regular reassessment of the epidemiology of infectious diseases is essential in order to recommend appropriate screening and treatment for these children. A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 01/01/1998 and 12/31/2001. Of 552 children evaluated, 77% were females. Median age was 13 months. Children originated mainly from China (n = 319, 57.8%) and other Asian countries (n = 112, 20.3%). Overall, 105 children (19.0%) were found to have at least one type of infection diagnosed on initial screening. In our cohort, 57 of 342 children (16.7%) were infected with one or more pathogenic intestinal parasites; the most common was Giardia lamblia, found in 44 of 342 tested children (12.8%). Increasing age was associated with an increased risk of parasitic infection, with children 12?24 months (adjusted OR: 7.9; 95% CI: 2.6?24.5), and children > 24 months (adjusted OR: 25.3; 95% CI: 7.7?83.1) being significantly more at risk than children < 12 months. Stool cultures were positive in 13 of 159 tested children (8.2%). Eleven percent (41 of 371) of children tested had a tuberculin skin testing (TST) reaction ? 10 mm. Eastern European (adjusted OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.1?11.1) and Latin American (adjusted OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.5?15.8) children were more likely to have a positive TST. Serological evidence of active or chronic hepatitis B infection was found in six children (1.0%). Two children had syphilis and one had hepatitis A. All children screened for hepatitis C and HIV were negative. Our study shows a high intestinal parasite infection rate, high rates of latent tuberculosis and lower hepatitis B rates than previously reported. If undetected, some of these diseases may have serious long-term consequences. Screening should be performed for all internationally adopted children at the time of arrival into the adoptive home.

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“…In one Romanian study of 1,025 children still in institutions, over a third of the children were HIV seropositive (Patrascu et al, 1990). In another study of 169 children in Romania, the great majority showed antibodies to hepatitis B and a third were hepatitis B surface antigen positive (Rudin et al, 1990). Comparable figures for hepatitis B in a study of 58 infants adopted were 53 per cent and 20 per cent (Johnson et al, 1992).…”

Section: Health Problems Of Children Adopted From Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Health Problems in Children Adopted from Romania: Association with Duration of Deprivation and Behavioural Problems

Beckett

Castle

Groothues

et al. 2003

Adoption & Fostering

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This paper by Celia Beckett, Jenny Castle, Christine Groothues, Thomas G O'Connor, Michael Rutter and the English and Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study team* examines the pattern of health problems as reported by parents in a group of children adopted from Romania and relates these findings to outcomes at age six. The study is based on a representative sample of 165 children, 144 of whom had experienced institutional deprivation, and a UK adoptee group of 52 non-deprived UK adoptees. At the time of UK entry, over half of the children adopted from Romania had marked health problems. The majority had suffered severe malnutrition and there was a high incidence of respiratory, skin and gastro-intestinal infections; 13 per cent had antibodies to hepatitis B. At age six, 17 per cent of the children had conductive hearing loss, 12 per cent had continuing strabismus and 35 per cent skin problems; half of those infected with hepatitis B were still surface antigen positive. Inattention/overactivity at age six was found to be more likely in children who had been exposed to prenatal and postnatal health risks. The children who had quasi-autistic features were also more likely to have strabismus. There were no associations found between health risks and either cognitive outcomes or attachment problems. The risk of inattention/overactivity for children who have suffered marked deprivation was increased for those who had additional health risks.

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HIV-1, hepatitis (A,B, and C), and measles in Romanian children

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Native versus Immigrant or Adopted Children in Italy Following the Compulsory Vaccination

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Native versus Immigrant or Adopted Children in Italy Following the Compulsory Vaccination

Infectious diseases in internationally adopted children: Epidemiology and risk factors

Health Problems in Children Adopted from Romania: Association with Duration of Deprivation and Behavioural Problems

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