HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibodies in Pregnant Women in the City of Maputo, Mozambique

Barreto, Jorge; Liljestrand, Jerker; C, Palha de Sousa; Bergström, Staffan; Böttiger, Blenda; Biberfeld, Gunnel; F, De la Cruz

doi:10.3109/00365549309008563

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The adjusted prevalence rates for HIV infection in 15-to 49-year-old women and men in this study were 15.4 and 12.3%, respectively. The prevalence of HIV 2 infection (0.3%) was in the same range as that found in studies conducted between 1980 and 2000 (0-0.6%) [Barreto et al, 1993;Cossa et al, 1994;Bergström and Sonnerborg, 1995;Vaz et al, 1995;Lesens et al, 1997;Melo et al, 2000]. HIV 2 may have been introduced to Mozambique through contacts with former Portuguese colonies in West Africa such as Guinea Bissau, where it is highly prevalent [Wilkins et al, 1993].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Previous surveys in this country focused on specific groups such as pregnant women [Barreto et al, 1993;Bergström and Sonnerborg, 1995;Melo et al, 2000;Asamoah-Odei et al, 2004], civil war refugees [Cossa et al, 1994;Van Rensburg et al, 1995], soldiers [Newman et al, 2001], and subjects attending sexually transmitted diseases (STD) centers [ Melo et al, 2000], hospital units [Lesens et al, 1997], and prisons [Vaz et al, 1995]. In addition, these studies are old and targeted populations at risk of HIV or HBV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

Cunha

Plouzeau

Ingrand

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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The seroprevalence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Mozambique are poorly documented. The epidemiology of these infections was studied in the Maputo region. All donors attending the blood bank during the study period were interviewed and underwent serological and molecular tests for markers of virus exposure. Thus, 1,578 consecutive replacement blood donors were investigated, as they undergo no selection (other than their relation with a patient needing a transfusion), and may thus provide reliable estimates of the prevalence rates in the general population. The age-standardized prevalence rates among 15- to 49-year-old men and women were, respectively, 12.3 and 15.4% for HIV and 0.9 and 1.2% for HTLV. Low educational status (P = 0.014) and tattooing/scarification (P = 0.023) were predictive of HIV infection in multivariate analysis. The age-adjusted prevalence rates of markers of hepatotropic virus among men and women were, respectively, 10.6 and 4.5% for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 1.2 and 1.0% for anti-HCV, and 0 and 0% for anti-HDV. Two percent of donors had viral co-infections, involving most frequently the combination of HIV and HBsAg +. A significant association was found between anti-HIV and anti-HBc (P = 0.012). HBsAg was associated with the place of birth (P = 0.011) and a history of transfusion (P = 0.069). Smokers had higher seroprevalence rates than nonsmokers for HIV (P < 0.0001) and HBsAg (P = 0.045). Genotype A was the most frequent HBV genotype (86.3%) followed by E and D. HCV genotypes were 1a, 1b, 3a, and 5a. These results show that HBV vaccination and HIV-preventive measures need to be reinforced in Mozambique.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

Cunha

Plouzeau

Ingrand

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…1,2 As of end 2007, there were more than 1.8 million individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Mozambique, and the estimated adult HIV prevalence rate in the country was 16% (14%-17%). 3 HIV-1 infection reaches higher prevalence rates in the most populated southern region (21%, range 16%-23%), which include Maputo Province (26%, 18%-34%), Maputo City (23%, 18%-29%), Gaza (27%, 18%-35%), and Inhambane (12%, 7%-16%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Transmitted Drug Resistance in Health Care Settings in Maputo, Mozambique

Bártolo¹,

Casanovas²,

Bastos³

et al. 2009

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…Additionally, of the three patients with HIV-2 infection, one was co-infected with HIV-1 subtype C. The number of dually infected individuals was lower than the HIV-2 infected subjects (one versus two). Barreto et al (1993) described the presence of individuals infected with HIV-2 in the city of Maputo since the late 80's using serological testing, and claimed that the entry of this virus was due to post war movement of population growth especially among countries of Portuguese language in this continent [22]. The overall prevalence of HIV-2 infected individuals found in our study is very low when compared to figures from West Africa where HIV-2 and dual infections account for 1 to 10%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of human immunodeficiency virus type-2 in hiv infected patients in Maputo City, Mozambique

Maueia

Costa

Meggi

et al. 2011

Virol J

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The HIV/AIDS pandemic is primarily caused by HIV-1. Another virus type, HIV-2, is found mainly in West African countries. We hypothesized that population migration and mobility in Africa may have facilitated the introduction and spreading of HIV-2 in Mozambique. The presence of HIV-2 has important implications for diagnosis and choice of treatment of HIV infection. Hence, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HIV-2 infection and its genotype in Maputo, Mozambique.HIV-infected individuals (N = 1,200) were consecutively enrolled and screened for IgG antibodies against HIV-1 gp41 and HIV-2 gp36 using peptide-based enzyme immunoassays (pepEIA). Specimens showing reactivity on the HIV-2 pepEIA were further tested using the INNO-LIA immunoblot assay and HIV-2 PCR targeting RT and PR genes. Subtype analysis of HIV-2 was based on the protease gene.After screening with HIV-2 pepEIA 1,168 were non-reactive and 32 were reactive to HIV-2 gp36 peptide. Of this total, 30 specimens were simultaneously reactive to gp41 and gp36 pepEIA while two samples reacted solely to gp36 peptide. Only three specimens containing antibodies against gp36 and gp105 on the INNO-LIA immunoblot assay were found to be positive by PCR to HIV-2 subtype A.The proportion of HIV-2 in Maputo City was 0.25% (90%CI 0.01-0.49). The HIV epidemic in Southern Mozambique is driven by HIV-1, with HIV-2 also circulating at a marginal rate. Surveillance program need to improve HIV-2 diagnosis and consider periodical survey aiming to monitor HIV-2 prevalence in the country.

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HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibodies in Pregnant Women in the City of Maputo, Mozambique

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Transmitted Drug Resistance in Health Care Settings in Maputo, Mozambique

Frequency of human immunodeficiency virus type-2 in hiv infected patients in Maputo City, Mozambique

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