History of the Long Series of Daily Air Temperature in Padova (1725–1998)

Aurorae observed by Giuseppe Toaldo in Padua (1766–1797)

“…He was a member and correspondent of the Royal Society, London. His log reported two observations a day from 1725 to 1764, with notes about the weather observations and main astronomical events, e.g., eclipses and aurorae (Camuffo 2002). Poleni was especially interested in meteorology, hydrology, and construction engineering.…”

“…Toaldo made invaluable daily observations in both fields (astronomy and meteorology), and was recognized internationally for his studies. For a review of Toaldo's life and studies, see Pigatto (2000), and for his observations, see Camuffo (2002).…”

“…He collaborated in the observations from 1776 until Toaldo's death from an apoplectic stroke on 11 November 1797. Toaldo took measurements until 3 days before his death, thus making his dedication clear (Camuffo 2002). On Toaldo's death, Chiminello was appointed Director of La Specola and he held the chair of Astronomy and Meteorology at the University of Padua.…”

“…Toaldo had a theory about the influence of the moon in the weather (for details see Toaldo 1781). The meteorological information in this manuscript has been studied by Camuffo and collaborators in various papers (Camuffo 1984(Camuffo , 2002Cocheo & Camuffo 2002;Camuffo et al 2014). The information about the auroral observations appear in the column devoted to the meteorological description, annotated as ''aurora boreale'', ''chiaror boreale'', or similar.…”

Fontes instrumentais e documentais para a reconstrução do clima do passado debatidas em conferência internacional

“…Foi em Itália, que as observações regulares se iniciaram mais cedo, poucas décadas depois da invenção e aperfeiçoamento de aparelhos meteorológicos como o termo-baroscópio de Galileu, em 1593, o pluviómetro e evaporímetro de Castelli, em 1639, o barómetro de Torricelli, em 1643(Camuffo, 2002. As séries mais antigas nem sempre são contínuas, nem homogéneas, tendo sido interrompidas frequentemente, por vezes devido a perseguições da Inquisição (Camuffo, 2002). Em Portugal, existem alguns dados referentes ao século XVIII e primeira parte do XIX, apresentadas e analisadas em Taborda et al (2004), Alcoforado et al (1999Alcoforado et al ( ), barriendos et al (2000 e incluídos em Jones et al (1999).…”