History of the formation of Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system

Abstract

Purpose: to investigate the history of the formation of Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system, to highlight and justify three stages of development that were formed as a result of the mining industry in the territory of Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system. Methods: historical analysis, cartographic, method of anthropogenic landscape forecast. Results: During the study of the history of the formation of Kryvyi Rih landscape and technical system, three stages of the development of the system were identified and analyzed: artisanal development and development of natural resources (5th century BC – 17th century), where mostly the descriptions and development of individual geocomponents prevailed, that were of direct importance in people's lives. The first genesis of the formation of Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system began near the riverbeds of the Saksagan and Ingulets rivers, where iron ore deposits extend; research of natural resources for the purposes of their initial industrial development (18th - first half of the 20th century), which made it possible to form an industrial base and start intensive extraction of minerals; (the second half of the 20th century – the beginning of the 21st century) – the development of one of the largest landscape systems not only in Ukraine, but also in the world. In just 150 years, a new, complex and dynamic landscape structure was formed within the borders of Kryvorizhzhia, with a clear advantage of industrial, mostly mining landscapes, which, together with residential landscapes, form the modern landscape background of Kryvorizhzhia. Schemes and maps have been developed that reflect the development of Kryvyi Rih landscape and technical system. Conclusions: Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system began its formation in the 4th century BC, but the most active and dynamic development of the mining industry took place only 150 years ago. In such a short period of time, a new, complex and dynamic landscape structure was formed on the territory of Kryvorizhzhia, with a clear advantage of industrial, mostly mining landscapes, which together with residential landscapes form the modern landscape background of Kryvyi Rih landscape technical system.