History of the Early Biodetection Development

Ho, Jim

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-5582-1_2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Shaffer and Lighthart [14] found that the majority of particulates in terrestrial environment has aerodynamic diameters larger than 3 μm. This observation was confirmed using remote measurement data by Ho [15], who concluded that microbial particles tend to form aggregates larger than 2.5 μm in diameter. Investigations carried in indoor environment also showed that particles with smaller aerodynamic diameters were rather unable to carry intact microbial cells but were able to transport e.g.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Size distribution of microbial aerosols in overground and subterranean treatment chambers at health resorts

Górny

Frączek

Ropek

2020

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Purpose to perform comparative analyzes of the size distributions of bacteria and fungi in the air of overground therapy chambers in Szczawnica sanatorium and subterranean inhalation chambers in Bochnia Salt Mine health resort taking into account influence of the season and presence of pathogenic species. Methods bioaerosol samples were collected using 6-stage Andersen impactor. Bacterial and fungal aerosol concentrations and size distributions were calculated and isolated microorganisms were taxonomically identified based on their morphological, biochemical, and molecular features. Results: in both treatment rooms and atmospheric (outdoor) air, the acceptable microbial pollution levels were periodically exceeded. The size distribution analyzes revealed that in the case of bacteria – emission from the patients and in the case of fungi – transport with atmospheric (outdoor) air were the major processes responsible for microbiological contamination of indoor premises. The majority of microbial particulates were present in the air of studied premises as single bacterial vegetative cells, spores and fungal conidia or (most commonly) formed small microbial or microbial-dust aggregates. This phenomenon may have a significant effect on patients’ actual exposure (especially on those treated for respiratory diseases) in terms of the dose of inhaled particles. Conclusions the microbiological quality of the air in sanatoriums and health resorts is a key factor for their therapeutic and prophylactic functions. When microbial pollution crossed the acceptable level, the measures that enable reducing undesirable contamination should be introduced, especially if large groups of patients undergo such therapy.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Size distribution of microbial aerosols in overground and subterranean treatment chambers at health resorts

Górny

Frączek

Ropek

2020

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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“…Bioaerosol particles are rarely spherical and, when studied, their usually irregular shapes are characterized using certain equivalents of particle diameter (in aerobiology, the most frequently used are aerodynamic and optical approximations). It is worth mentioning here that data from remote measurements (see below) suggest that microbial particles usually tend to form aggregates larger than 2.5 μm in diameter (Ho J., 2014). Both equivalent diameters may be significantly distinct from their physical dimensions.…”

Section: Behavior and Dynamics In The Airmentioning

confidence: 91%

Microbial Aerosols: Sources, Properties, Health Effects, Exposure Assessment—A Review

Górny

2020

KONA

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Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment. Wherever their sources are present, the particles can be released into the air forming microbiological aerosols. Although most of their particles cause no harm to the exposed individuals, some of their propagules may have infectious or allergenic potential and may carry toxic or irritant substances and components. Their inhalation usually poses a significant health risk and is responsible for numerous adverse outcomes, from allergic reactions, infections and toxic responses to various nonspecific symptoms. This review article provides fundamental background information on the role of microorganisms in the environment, defines and characterizes environmental sources of microbial aerosols, describes microbial abilities for airborne transport and comments on their role in atmospheric processes, discusses their physical and biological characteristics which result in adverse health outcomes observed in exposed individuals. The paper characterizes comprehensively numerous sampling and analysis techniques involved in the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of microbial aerosols together with their practical applications, presents strategies applied in the assessment of harmful microbial agents formed by bioaerosols, explains the ways of creating hygienic standards (understood here as reference/threshold limits) for microbiological aerosols conditioned by both medical and environmental determinants, and comments on their usefulness in the control and protection of environment and health.

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History of the Early Biodetection Development

Cited by 2 publications

References 111 publications

Size distribution of microbial aerosols in overground and subterranean treatment chambers at health resorts

Size distribution of microbial aerosols in overground and subterranean treatment chambers at health resorts

Microbial Aerosols: Sources, Properties, Health Effects, Exposure Assessment—A Review

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