History of Optics at Itek

Smith, F. Dow

doi:10.1364/ao.11.002729

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…SBS is one of the highest gain material-level nonlinearities in optics [15] making it one of Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W. Green St., Urbana, Illinois, USA 61801 * Corresponding author: e-mail: bahl@illinois.edu the first nonlinear effects to appear in high energy density systems such as high power fiber lasers and high quality factor resonators. The suppression of SBS is thus particularly important in laser systems as it represents a parasitic loss effect and prevents further power scaling of the source [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant gain enhancement in surface‐confined resonant Stimulated Brillouin Scattering

Dostart

Kim

Bahl

2015

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The notion that Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is primarily defined by bulk material properties has been overturned by recent work on nanoscale waveguides. It is now understood that boundary forces of radiation pressure and electrostriction appearing in such highly confined waveguides can make a significant contribution to the Brillouin gain. Here, this concept is extended to show that gain enhancement does not require nanoscale or subwavelength features, but generally appears where optical and acoustic fields are simultaneously confined near a free surface or material interface. This situation routinely occurs in whispering gallery resonators (WGRs), making gain enhancements much more accessible than previously thought. To illustrate this concept, the first full-vectorial analytic model for SBS in WGRs is developed, including optical boundary forces, and the SBS gain in common silica WGR geometries is computationally evaluated. These results predict that gains 10 4 times greater than the predictions of scalar theory may appear in WGRs even in the 100 μm size range. Further, trapezoidal cross-section microdisks can exhibit very large SBS gains approaching 10 2 m -1 W -1 . With resonant amplification included, extreme gains on the order of 10 12 m -1 W -1 may be realized, which is 10 8 times greater than the highest predicted gains in linear waveguide systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant gain enhancement in surface‐confined resonant Stimulated Brillouin Scattering

Dostart

Kim

Bahl

2015

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…For the fiber used here, A eff is 5.0 · 10~1 1 m 2 and L eff is 17 km. The g B is given by [3], where n is core index, p 12 the elastic optical constant, c the light velocity, ρ the density, and v a the acoustic velocity. As well, k is the polarization factor, which is unity for a polarization-maintaining fiber and 1/2 otherwise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amplifier using Raman scattering is well known as a broadband light amplifier for high-bit-rate signals such as optical soliton [1,2]. On the other hand, backward Brillouin scattering is very attractive for a narrowband amplifier since the threshold level of Brillouin scattering, which is typically a few milliwatts, is much lower than that of Raman scattering [3][4][5]. Therefore, the Brillouin amplifier, although with a narrow gain width, has large potential for systems at a bit-rate of less than a few hundred Mbit/s employed with laser diodes and single-mode fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent FSK Transmission Experiment using Brillouin Amplification in a Single-Mode Fiber

Tsubokawa¹,

Sasaki²

1989

Journal of Optical Communications

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Optical heterodyne FSK system experiment with Brillouin amplifier is demonstrated using a CW pump of a DFB-LD operating at the 1.54μηι wavelength. The 30 Mbit/s coherent FSK signal is amplified by 4 dB through 52 km single-mode fiber when the pump power of 2.5 mW is injected into the fiber. To obtain the flat gain profile ranging over the signal bandwidth, Brillouin gain bandwidth is broadened by means of modulating the pump frequency. Bit-error-rate performance is improved to reduce the rate by a factor of ten with the amplifier. Brillouin amplifier is useful for transmission systems at a bit-rate of less than 1 Gbit/s, as opposed to a fiber Raman amplifier. tion of the Brillouin amplifier has not been fully discussed yet. In this paper we show the enhancement of receiver sensitivity in coherent FSK transmission by using the Brillouin amplifier. The amplifier is pumped with a distributed-feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) operating at 1.535 μιη wavelength. In this experiment, Brillouin gain bandwidth is broadened by means of frequency modulation of the pump laser so as to create the flat gain profile over the signal bandwidth. Bit-error-rate for the 30 Mbit/s FSK transmission experiments with and without the Brillouin amplifier is experimentally investigated. In the last section, we discuss the application of the Brillouin amplifier in comparison with the Raman amplifier.

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“…However, when an ultimately low-loss optical fiber is used, the transmission power is limited by the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) below several milliwatts [1,2]. When the bit rate is very high and an appropriate modulation scheme is employed, the SBS limitation can be relaxed to some extent [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering and Brillouin Crosstalk by Frequency-Sweeping Spread-Spectrum Scheme

Hirose¹,

Takushima²,

Okoshi³

1991

Journal of Optical Communications

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Frequency-sweeping spread-spectrum (FS-SS) optical fiber communication system for suppressing the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is proposed. The Brillouin gain is reduced approximately in proportion to the spreading bandwidth. Measured Brillouin gain is in good agreement with the theory. A preliminary transmission experiment demonstrates that the bit-error rate deteriorated by the SBS crosstalk is recovered by the SS scheme. This fact suggests that the maximum transmission optical power, which is limited by the SBS, can be increased by the spectrum spreading.

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History of Optics at Itek

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Giant gain enhancement in surface‐confined resonant Stimulated Brillouin Scattering

Giant gain enhancement in surface‐confined resonant Stimulated Brillouin Scattering

Coherent FSK Transmission Experiment using Brillouin Amplification in a Single-Mode Fiber

Suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering and Brillouin Crosstalk by Frequency-Sweeping Spread-Spectrum Scheme

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