History of Flexible and Stretchable Devices

Takei, Kuniharu

doi:10.1002/9783527804856.ch1

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A steady increase can be noticed with the addition of each sequential layer, indicating inter-layer as well as intra-layer conductivity. This trend is consistent with other reports of layered PEDOT deposition [26] and is thought to arise due to the multiple parallel PEDOT-rich pathways, which form a more pronounced electrical network that increases conductivity [27]. To further improve conductivity, conditions to control the VPP process temperature and pressure more accurately can be implemented, such as utilization of a vacuum oven.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Stretchable Electronics Based on Laser Structured, Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT/Tosylate

et al. 2020

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The fabrication of stretchable conductive material through vapor phase polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is presented alongside a method to easily pattern these materials with nanosecond laser structuring. The devices were constructed from sheets of vapor phase polymerized PEDOT doped with tosylate on pre-stretched elastomeric substrates followed by laser structuring to achieve the desired geometrical shape. Devices were characterized for electrical conductivity, morphology, and electrical integrity in response to externally applied strain. Fabricated PEDOT sheets displayed a conductivity of 53.1 ± 1.2 S cm−1; clear buckling in the PEDOT microstructure was observed as a result of pre-stretching the underlying elastomeric substrate; and the final stretchable electronic devices were able to remain electrically conductive with up to 100% of externally applied strain. The described polymerization and fabrication steps achieve highly processable and patternable functional conductive polymer films, which are suitable for stretchable electronics due to their ability to withstand externally applied strains of up to 100%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Stretchable Electronics Based on Laser Structured, Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT/Tosylate

et al. 2020

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“…In particular, organic photodetectors with narrowband (or spectrally selective) functionality have attracted ever‐growing attention due to their potential beyond the confines of conventional photodetector technologies 9–11. On the basis of their spectral tunability via chemical tailoring,12 their facile low‐temperature processing,13 and their mechanical flexibility,14 organic semiconductors bear the promise of delivering narrowband photodetection with high performance and in unconventional settings and form factors,15 e.g., in low‐cost, point‐of‐use devices for wearable optoelectronics,16,17 the Internet of Things,18 computer vision,19 and biomedicine 20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrowband‐Absorption‐Type Organic Photodetectors for the Far‐Red Range Based on Fullerene‐Free Bulk Heterojunctions

Xia

Wang

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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chemical tailoring, [12] their facile lowtemperature processing, [13] and their mechanical flexibility, [14] organic semiconductors bear the promise of delivering narrowband photodetection with high performance and in unconventional settings and form factors, [15] e.g., in low-cost, point-of-use devices for wearable optoelectronics, [16,17] the Internet of Things, [18] computer vision, [19] and biomedicine. [20] Among the several organic narrowband photodetection strategies that have been investigated to date, the so-called narrowband absorption (NBA) strategy-relying on a photoactive layer predominantly absorbing in the target spectral range-has been prominent. [11,15] Alternative narrowband strategies relying on internal optoelectronic filtering effects (such as charge carrier narrowing [21] and charge-injection narrowing [5,22] ) or on microcavity resonance [23] have also been explored, delivering remarkable performance for applications requiring a particularly narrow spectral response. With respect to the NBA strategy, it builds on the inherent spectral tunability and narrowband absorption of many organic semiconductors. [24][25][26][27][28] In particular, NBA photo detectors are inherently nonfiltered, i.e., they have little/negligible impact on the spectral content of the incident light outside the target spectral range. Consequently, NBA photodetectors can potentially deliver multicolor/multispectral detection in a stacked configuration, [29][30][31] a route that is particularly attractive for high-resolution imaging beyond the capabilities of benchmark technologies. In fact, NBA photodetectors have been particularly successful in delivering narrowband functionality in the blue, green, and red spectral regions, attaining spectral responsivity passbands with typical spectral widths of ≈100-150 nm, and specific detectivity values up to the 10 13 Jones range. [11] Developing and emerging applications (e.g., requiring multispectral capability) motivate the effort to expand the scope of organic NBA narrowband photodetectors beyond the boundaries of conventional color detection. In particular, narrowband photodetection in the far-red range (i.e., photodetectors with peak response at 700-750 nm)-dimly visible to the human eye and at the same time distinct from the infrared regionis of considerable interest, in view of its role in many natural Spectrally-selective photodetection via organic semiconductors manifesting narrowband absorption (NBA photodetection) is highly attractive for emerging applications that require ultrathin, lightweight, and low-cost solutions. While successful over mainstream color bands, NBA photodetectors have struggled so far to meet the functional and/or performance demands at longer wavelengths, importantly in the far-red (700-750 nm), a range relevant to diverse applications in analytical biology, medical diagnostics, remote sensing, etc. In consideration of the potential of a nonfullerene-acceptor route to address this challenge, the narrowband photodetection capabilities of SBDTIC, ...

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“…This emerging technology was invented to convert electronics that have traditionally been constrained to rigid and planar formats into the next generation which are bendable, compressible, stretchable, or formable into desired three-dimensional (3D) shapes and is leading a global revolution in electronic applications such as sensors and actuators, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] energy harvesting and storage, [26][27][28] lighting, [29][30][31] and medical and healthcare. [32][33][34][35][36] Because they can be integrated with soft materials and curvilinear surfaces, stretchable electronics will provide the foundation for applications that exceed the scope of conventional semiconductors and PCB technologies. To accommodate mechanical deformation during stretching while maintaining the electrical performance and reliability of the system, either the materials or the structures need to be stretchable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable sensors for environmental monitoring

Yang

Deng

2019

Applied Physics Reviews

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The development of flexible and stretchable sensors has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. In particular, stretchable, skin-like, wearable sensors are desirable for a variety of potential applications such as personalized health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and environmental sensing. In this paper, we review recent advancements in the development of mechanically flexible and stretchable sensors and systems that can be used to quantitatively assess environmental parameters including light, temperature, humidity, gas, and pH. We discuss innovations in the device structure, material selection, and fabrication methods which explain the stretchability characteristics of these environmental sensors and provide a detailed and comparative study of their sensing mechanisms, sensor characteristics, mechanical performance, and limitations. Finally, we provide a summary of current challenges and an outlook on opportunities for possible future research directions for this emerging field.

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History of Flexible and Stretchable Devices

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Stretchable Electronics Based on Laser Structured, Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT/Tosylate

Stretchable Electronics Based on Laser Structured, Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT/Tosylate

Narrowband‐Absorption‐Type Organic Photodetectors for the Far‐Red Range Based on Fullerene‐Free Bulk Heterojunctions

Stretchable sensors for environmental monitoring

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