History of concussion is associated with higher head acceleration and reduced cervical muscle activity during simulated rugby tackle: An exploratory study

Applied sports science and sports medicine in women’s rugby: systematic scoping review and Delphi study to establish future research priorities

“… 88 Furthermore, women’s senior club-level players with concussion history have been shown to exhibit greater head accelerations and reduced trapezius and splenius capitis electromyography amplitudes. 91 When returning to sport after a concussion in rugby, postconcussive syndrome has been shown to last longer in women than men (median number of days: 15 vs 4). 97 A delay in women’s return to sport was also found compared with men (30 days vs 21 days; p=0.19).…”

“…Some potential risk factors included physical characteristics,86 92 95 concussion history,88 89 wellness,86 demographics,89 foul play100 and Functional Movement Screen scores 93. Concussion was commonly assessed within injury risk, management and prediction studies (44% of 16 studies) 84 87–89 91 94 97. These studies provided Sport Concussion Assessment Tool reference values89 and determined whether limits should differ between sexes,84 evaluated standardised assessment and management of concussion,97 investigated the use of the King-Devick Assessment Tool for a sideline concussion assessment,87 investigated the neurological deficits that accompany head impacts,94 explored concussion history on head control,91 and determined the association between concussion and lower limb injury 88…”

“…These studies included participants from rugby union (n=9, 56% of 16 studies), rugby sevens (n=1, 6%), a combination of union, sevens and league (n=1, 6%), or the code was not reported (n=5, 31%). The cohorts used in these studies varied widely and included amateur/ community, [86][87][88] high school, 89 rugby schools, 90 club, 91 university/college, [92][93][94][95] international, 84 or a combination of levels. [96][97][98][99][100] Many included studies aimed to determine the relationship between injury and potential risk factors.…”

Relation between Isometric Neck Strength and White Matter Organization in Collegiate Athletes

“…42 Further, athletes in the year following concussion show reduced neuromuscular control and thus experience higher linear accelerations, potentially increasing susceptibility to damage from RHI. 43 However, the neural mechanisms underlying the protective role of neck strength have not been assessed. This preliminary study, to our knowledge, is the first to characterize the relationship between neck strength and WMO in athletes who experience RHI.…”

The effects of internal jugular vein compression for modulating and preserving white matter following a season of American tackle football: A prospective longitudinal evaluation of differential head impact exposure

“…Though in‐season monitoring devices, such as accelerometers, are standard for quantifying head impact exposure during competitive sports (Barber Foss et al., 2019; Myer et al, 2018; Myer, Yuan, Barber Foss, Thomas, et al., 2016; Yuan, Barber Foss, et al., 2018; Yuan, Dudley, et al., 2018; Yuan et al., 2017), field validation studies and video analyses demonstrate that the recordings from accelerometer‐based impacts can be spurious (i.e., false positives) with different systems revealing variations in recorded head impact exposure (Cortes et al., 2017; Nevins, Hildenbrand, Kensrud, Vasavada, & Smith, 2016). While the accelerometer device used in the present study has been successfully used during competitive sport (Bussey et al., 2019; Danielle et al., 2017), we implemented an additional “hit‐run” filtering method to minimize the potential for false‐positive recordings. We defined a “hit run” as an instance where the accelerometer data indicated an athlete received three or more hits >20 g spaced ≤10 s apart within a 30 s time interval (which we considered unrealistic for actual football participation).…”