History, injury, and psychosocial risk factor commonalities among cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse

Pierce, Mary Clyde; Kaczor, Kim; Acker, Deborah; Webb, Tina; Brenzel, Allen; Lorenz, D.; Young, Audrey; Thompson, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.033

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Finally, pediatric practitioners can work to prevent AHT by supporting prevention efforts in their clinical practices. Pediatric practitioners may help prevent AHT by carefully assessing for psychosocial risk factors often associated with abuse, 46 by providing anticipatory guidance to new parents about the dangers of shaking and impact, by providing methods for dealing with the frustration of a crying infant, and by providing access to prevention resources and supports. They can also stress the importance of leaving a young infant or toddler in the care of adults whom the parents trust will not harm their child and has been educated on the topic of AHT.…”

Section: The Role Of the Pediatricianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abusive Head Trauma in Infants and Children

et al. 2020

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Abusive head trauma (AHT) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population, especially in young infants. In the past decade, advancements in research have refined medical understanding of the epidemiological, clinical, biomechanical, and pathologic factors comprising the diagnosis, thereby enhancing clinical detection of a challenging diagnostic entity. Failure to recognize AHT and respond appropriately at any step in the process, from medical diagnosis to child protection and legal decision-making, can place children at risk. The American Academy of Pediatrics revises the 2009 policy statement on AHT to incorporate the growing body of knowledge on the topic. Although this statement incorporates some of that growing body of knowledge, it is not a comprehensive exposition of the science. This statement aims to provide pediatric practitioners with general guidance on a complex subject. The Academy recommends that pediatric practitioners remain vigilant for the signs and symptoms of AHT, conduct thorough medical evaluations, consult with pediatric medical subspecialists when necessary, and embrace the challenges and need for strong advocacy on the subject. HISTORY The evolution of the abusive head trauma (AHT) diagnosis has a long and storied history. 1-3 Earlier nomenclature included whiplash shaken infant syndrome, shaken impact syndrome, inflicted childhood neurotrauma, and shaken baby syndrome. The current term, AHT, was adopted by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2009 in recognition of the fact that inflicted head injury of children can involve a variety of biomechanical forces, including shaking. That change in terminology (from shaken baby syndrome), however, was misinterpreted by some in the legal and medical communities as an indication of some doubt in or invalidation of the diagnosis and the mechanism of shaking as a cause of injury. The AAP continues to affirm the dangers and harms of shaking infants, continues to embrace the "shaken baby syndrome" diagnosis as a valid subset of the AHT diagnosis, and encourages pediatric practitioners to educate

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Section: The Role Of the Pediatricianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abusive Head Trauma in Infants and Children

et al. 2020

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“…The Institutional Review Boards at the University of Louisville and the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services (KY CHFS) approved this research. Our retrospective record review included 20 children younger than four years of age who had been victims of fatal ( n =10) or near-fatal ( n =10) child abuse in the Commonwealth of Kentucky [1] . We utilized the Kentucky Revised Statues [KRS 600.020 (37)] definition of near-fatality: an injury that places a child in serious or critical condition as certified by a physician.…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… This article presents the psychosocial risk factors identified in the cases of 20 children less than four years of age who were victims of fatal or near-fatal physical abuse during a 12 month period in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. These data are related to the article “History, injury, and psychosocial risk factor commonalities among cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse” (Pierce et al, 2017) [1] . …”

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confidence: 99%

Dataset on psychosocial risk factors in cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse

et al. 2017

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This article presents the psychosocial risk factors identified in the cases of 20 children less than four years of age who were victims of fatal or near-fatal physical abuse during a 12 month period in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. These data are related to the article “History, injury, and psychosocial risk factor commonalities among cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse” (Pierce et al., 2017) [1].

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“…An Australian study found that half of all filicide offenders had a history of exerting physical or verbal violence toward their victims, and almost one‐third of the offenders had had previous contacts with a professional medical or social agency owing to concerns regarding physical violence—an important finding in the context of prevention . Further, research has found that nonaccidental violence directed toward children tends to be a recurrent event of escalating severity; in a recent U.S. study, the majority of children subjected to fatal or near‐fatal abuse showed signs of sentinel bruising (i.e., prior, unexplained injuries) . Preventing low‐base‐rate outcomes such as filicide is a challenging task; nonetheless, scholars have long discussed strategies for effective prevention of fatal and nonfatal child abuse, including linkage of multiple data sources to enhance surveillance and facilitate sound decision making .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury‐Related Healthcare Use and Risk of Filicide Victimization: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study

Bäckström

Hedlund

Masterman

et al. 2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Research on child-related risk factors for filicide is scant. We investigated whether prior healthcare use for injury (including poisoning) influences filicide risk. Victims (0-14 years; n = 71) were identified in a national autopsy database for the years 1994-2012 and compared to matched, general population controls (n = 355). Healthcare use data were retrieved from a national patient registry. Risks were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For females, prior inpatient care for injury conferred a statistically significant sevenfold risk (OR = 6.67 [95% CI: 1.49-29.79]), and any prior injury-related healthcare use conferred a statistically significant fourfold risk (OR = 3.57 [95% CI: 1.13-11.25]), of filicide victimization. No statistically significant risks were found for males. Healthcare personnel should be aware that children treated for injuries, especially females, may be at an elevated risk of filicide victimization. Nevertheless, the filicide base rate remains low, and parents may be stigmatized by unfounded alerts; thus, prudent reflection should precede reports to the authorities.

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History, injury, and psychosocial risk factor commonalities among cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Abusive Head Trauma in Infants and Children

Abusive Head Trauma in Infants and Children

Dataset on psychosocial risk factors in cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse

Injury‐Related Healthcare Use and Risk of Filicide Victimization: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study

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