History and perspectives of pituitary folliculo-stellate cell research

Allaerts, Wilfried; Vankelecom, Hugo

doi:10.1530/eje.1.01949

Cited by 156 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Although the network organization of endocrine cells has recently become recognized (35), the first such network to be identified anatomically (36), and then functionally (37,38), was that of FS cells, which pervade the gland. Moreover, they are in close contact with blood vessels and can integrate signals originating from the pituitary, the brain, peripheral organs, and the immune system (14). Finally, FS cells secrete bFGF (39) and LIF (40), two factors crucial for the maintenance of other stem cell populations and that could play an important role in supporting the SOX2 ϩ E-cad ϩ SOX9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FS cells are enriched in pituitary fractions with colony-forming abilities, from which sporadic somatotroph differentiation has been reported both in vitro (12) and in vivo (13). However, FS cells are heterogeneous, representing several types of cells with diverse morphology and gene expression, and convincing evidence for their role as multipotent progenitors is lacking (14)(15)(16). Recently, Chen et al (17,18) used FACS to isolate a side population from dispersed pituitary cells, enriched for markers reminiscent of stem cell and embryonic progenitors, such as Sca-1 and CD133.…”

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confidence: 99%

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SOX2-expressing progenitor cells generate all of the major cell types in the adult mouse pituitary gland

Fauquier¹,

Rizzoti

Dattani³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

332

443

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The pituitary gland adapts the proportion of each of its endocrine cell types to meet differing hormonal demands throughout life. There is circumstantial evidence that multipotent adult progenitor cells contribute to this plasticity, but these cells have not been identified. Here, we describe a small (<0.05%) population of progenitor cells in the adult pituitary gland. We show that these cells express SOX2, a marker of several early embryonic progenitor and stem cell types, and form ''pituispheres'' in culture, which can grow, form secondary spheres, and differentiate to all of the pituitary endocrine cell types, as well as folliculostellate cells. Differentiation of cells in the pituispheres was associated with the expression of nestin, SOX9, and S100. Cells expressing SOX2 and E-cadherin are found throughout Rathke's pouch (RP) in embryos but persist in the adult gland, mostly in a narrow zone lining the pituitary cleft, but also are scattered throughout the pituitary. However, unlike in embryonic RP, most of these SOX2 ؉ cells in the adult gland also express SOX9 and S100. We suggest that this SOX2 ؉ /SOX9 ؉ population represents transit-amplifying cells, whereas the SOX2 ؉ /SOX9 ؊ cells we identify are multipotent progenitor/stem cells persisting in the adult pituitary.stem cell ͉ folliculostellate cells

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SOX2-expressing progenitor cells generate all of the major cell types in the adult mouse pituitary gland

Fauquier¹,

Rizzoti

Dattani³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

332

443

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The physiological functions of the folliculo-stellate cells are heterogeneous. They are involved in regulating the activity of the pituitary endocrine cells, act as immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and represent an adult stem cell population of the pituitary [29]. Previous data showed that both ATP and UTP increased the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration of primary cultured folliculo-stellate cells of the pituitary in a concentration-dependent manner in a range between 0.1 and 10 μM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of P2Y receptors in the rat anterior pituitary

Guo

Song

et al. 2011

Purinergic Signalling

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In this study, the distribution patterns of P2Y 1 , P2Y 2 P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 , P2Y 12 , and P2Y 13 receptors in the anterior pituitary cells of rat were studied with doublelabeling immunofluorescence and Western blot. The results showed that P2Y receptors were widely expressed in the anterior pituitary. P2Y 1 and P2Y 4 receptors were found to be expressed in the majority of gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs, P2Y 2 receptors were expressed in a small subpopulation of lactotrophs and almost all the folliculo-stellate cells, that were also stained with S100 protein immunoreactivity. P2Y 6 receptors were expressed in macrophages. P2Y 13 receptors were expressed in a small subpopulation of cells in the rat anterior pituitary, the identity of which needs to be clarified. P2Y 1 and P2Y 4 receptors are co-expressed in some gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs. Corticotrophs and somatotrophs were found not to express P2Y receptors in this study. FSH and TSH were shown to coexist in the same endocrine cells in rat anterior pituitary. The present data suggests that purines and/or pyrimidines could be involved in regulating the functions of gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs via P2Y 1 and P2Y 4 receptors, some lactotrophs via P2Y 2 receptors, and folliculo-stellate cells via P2Y 2 receptors in the rat anterior pituitary.

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“…Allaerts and Vankelecom [2] have proposed a classification of FS cells into two types: astrocyte-like or epithelial cell-like FS cells. Astrocyte-like FS cells coexpress S-100 protein and GFAP, and epithelial cell-like FS cells express S-100 protein and cytokeratin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Localization of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Pituitary Gland

Kuwahara

Maeda

Ardiles

et al. 2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is an isoform of membrane water channel aquaporins. It is most abundant in the brain, and is believed to be expressed by astrocytes and ependymal cells. We have reported previously that rat pituitary glands express some aquaporin subtypes, including AQP4, but the precise distribution of AQP4 in the pituitary gland is not known. The present work investigated whether AQP4 immunoreactivity exists in various pituitary cell types in adult rats, using double immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy. In the adenohypophysis, co-labeling for S-100 protein indicated that folliculo-stellate (FS) cells and marginal layer cells in Rathke's residual pouch have extensive labeling for AQP4. Some AQP4-expressing cells also contained glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in parenchymal tissue of the anterior lobe, and cytokeratin in marginal layer cells. AQP4 was not coexpressed in any hormoneproducing pituitary cells, however. In the neurohypophysis, AQP4 was expressed in some pituicytes, which have been identified as GFAP-positive. These results suggest that AQP4, which is expressed in FS cells, in marginal layer cells and in pituicytes, but not in hormone-producing cells, is important in water transfer within the pituitary gland; astrocytes and ependymal cells do the same in the brain.KEY WORDS: aquaporin-4, folliculo-stellate cell, immunofluorescence analysis, pituicyte, pituitary gland.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 72(10): 1307-1312, 2010 Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane water channel proteins which allow the permeation of water, and in some small solutes, across cellular membranes. At least 13 isoforms of AQPs, denoted AQP0-AQP12, have been identified in mammalian cells [1,18,26,29]. They are expressed in many tissues that require rapid or regulated water movement including the kidney, lung, salivary gland, eye and brain [26]. In the brain, AQP4 is abundant in the plasma membrane of astrocytes that are in direct contact with capillaries, the ependymal layer and pia [20]. Based on the abundance and localization of AQP4, it is believed to be involved in regulating cerebrospinal fluid levels and hormone secretion [8,28]. AQP4 knockout mice studies indicate that AQP4 plays a key role in osmotically driven water transport and the development of cytotoxic brain edema, and is involved in the absorption of excess brain water and the resolution of vasogenic brain edema [15,16]. These studies show the important role of AQP4 in brain water homeostasis. We have previously reported that AQP1, AQP3, AQP4 and AQP5 mRNAs are expressed in the adult rat pituitary gland and that AQP4 is reactive to a number of cells in the pituitary gland, based on observations made by light microscopy [13]. Detailed expression patterns and intracellular localization of AQP4 in the pituitary are unclear, however. The present investigation therefore sought to determine the distribution pattern of AQP4 in the adult rat pituitary gland, using confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals:Six m...

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History and perspectives of pituitary folliculo-stellate cell research

Cited by 156 publications

References 106 publications

SOX2-expressing progenitor cells generate all of the major cell types in the adult mouse pituitary gland

SOX2-expressing progenitor cells generate all of the major cell types in the adult mouse pituitary gland

Expression of P2Y receptors in the rat anterior pituitary

Immunohistochemical Localization of Aquaporin-4 in the Rat Pituitary Gland

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