History and fundamental principle of Instrument Landing System (ILS) and technical detailed architecture of ILS transmitter and receiver

Abstract

In this paper a review is made of the History, Fundamental principle, and Architecture of Instrument Landing System (ILS) RF Circuits in the Receiver and Transmitter Antenna Array. The study was motivated by a need to cater to the increasing availability and use of aerial vehicles such as drones and that the conventional landing system is insuf􀅫icient and risks being overwhelmed, thus this study aims to explore alternative paths and particularly the option of the MLS as a possible cure. The paper describes the Localizer and Glide path of the System. This paper gives small introduction of Microwave Landing System (MLS) and Enhance ILS Category-I Category-II Category-III is used. An additional purpose served by this study is to layout the requirements that an MLS would require in regard to its implementation and what factors would need to be considered by any organization willing to implement the system. The argument is built up by 􀅫irst assessing the existing infrastructure of landing systems; their origins and effectiveness, following this, the advances system such as the MLS are introduced, their current applications and potential are discussed. A comparison is made between the two to highlight the superiority of the MLS. The study carried out in this paper 􀅫inds the limitations in the ILS method as they are only capable of carrying out landing in a straight path and further limited by geography. MLS on the other hand is more versatile and is capable of carrying out multiple landing approaches across multiple curved paths for a single installation. The study examines the advantages of implementing the MLS system in Pakistan.