History and Current Status of the Black Bear in Kentucky

Unger, David E.; Cox, John J.; Harris, Hannah B.; Larkin, Jeffery L.; Augustine, Ben C.; Dobey, Steven; Guthrie, Joseph M.; Hast, John T.; Jensen, Rebekah A.; Murphy, Sean M.; Plaxico, Jason; Maehr, David S.

doi:10.1656/045.020.0206

Cited by 43 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Examples of rebounding species include Pteronura brasiliensis Gmelin (Giant River Otter; dos Santos Lima 2014), Canis lupus L. (Wolf; Pletscher et al 1997), Gulo gulo L. (Wolverine; Flagstad et al 2004), Puma concolor L. (Cougar; Larue et al 2012), Ursus arctos L. (Brown Bear; Bjornlie et al 2014, Hagen et al 2015, Swenson et al 1998, and Ursus americanus Pallas (American Black Bear; Bales et al 2005, Frary et al 2011, Onorato et al 2004, Unger et al 2013. The theory of ideal free-distribution assumes that animals colonizing new areas will distribute themselves among the best-quality habitat available (Fretwell 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Ranges and Habitat Selection by Black Bears in a Newly Colonized Population in Florida

Karelus

McCown

Scheick

et al. 2016

Southeastern Naturalist

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Ranges and Habitat Selection by Black Bears in a Newly Colonized Population in Florida

Karelus

McCown

Scheick

et al. 2016

Southeastern Naturalist

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“…The growth and sprawl of black bear populations in North America have been observed and documented in the last two decades [10] [11] [12]. It is reported that Kentucky has a high number of complaints due to increasing black bear population and human-bear conflicts [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research efforts, such as reintroduction of black bears [15] [16], historic perspectives in managing black bears [12], black bear population estimation [17], and presentations to visitors regarding black bear management have provided a foundation to managerial decision-making. While these efforts have much merit, few focused on assessing residents' perceptions and attitudes toward black bear management in Kentucky [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident Perceptions of Black Bear Management in South Central Kentucky

Liu¹,

Bradley²,

Wu³

et al. 2019

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The growth and sprawl of the American black bear (Ursus americanus) population have been observed and monitored in the past two decades, especially in south-central Kentucky. To better manage human-black bear interaction and develop informed policy and best practices, the current study sought to 1) understand south-central Kentucky residents' current knowledge of and previous experience with black bears, 2) investigate residents' attitudes toward black bears and regulated hunting in wildlife management; and 3) identify residents' level of acceptance of various black bear related management actions in south-central Kentucky. From February to April 2017, residents of London and Stearns districts (southeastern regions) of the Daniel Boone National Forest, a black bear habitat, were invited to participate in this study. The results from 139 completed surveys showed that residents lacked sufficient knowledge about black bear populations in the region and received minimal information regarding black bear management efforts. In comparison to education efforts and relocation, regulated black bear hunting could be a cost-effective option to promote responsible use of wildlife resources and black bear population control. This study provided lessons and recommendations for black bear management in south-central Kentucky and may be of utilization for any other wildlife conservation areas.

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“…While these regions are geographically close, they are separated by unsuitable bear habitat and Puckett et al (2015) estimated that these populations of bears diverged 11 kya. Black bears in the Interior Highlands and in the Kentucky portion of the Southern Appalachians were considered extirpated by the early twentieth century (Smith and Clark 1994;Unger et al 2013), but reintroductions and natural recolonization have contributed to population growth in both regions (Bales et al 2005;Smith and Clark 1994;Unger et al 2013) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, in each of these regions, both recently established (hereafter "recent") and historic populations exist, allowing the unique opportunity to compare multiple recent and historic populations within two independently evolving geographic regions. Historic populations have existed longer and often served as a source of the individuals that contributed to forming the recent populations Unger et al 2013). Recent populations were established by founding individuals from historic populations, by recovery from severe bottlenecks, or by reintroductions after 1995 Unger et al 2013); substantial unoccupied habitat surrounds these populations, allowing for potential continued range expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial genetic structure in American black bears (Ursus americanus): female philopatry is variable and related to population history

et al. 2017

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Previously, American black bears (Ursus americanus) were thought to follow the pattern of female philopatry and male-biased dispersal. However, recent studies have identified deviations from this pattern. Such flexibility in dispersal patterns can allow individuals greater ability to acclimate to changing environments. We explored dispersal and spatial genetic relatedness patterns across ten black bear populations-including long established (historic), with known reproduction >50 years ago, and newly established (recent) populations, with reproduction recorded <50 years ago-in the Interior Highlands and Southern Appalachian Mountains, United States. We used spatially explicit, individual-based genetic simulations to model gene flow under scenarios with varying levels of population density, genetic diversity, and female philopatry. Using measures of genetic distance and spatial autocorrelation, we compared metrics between sexes, between population types (historic and recent), and among simulated scenarios which varied in density, genetic diversity, and sex-biased philopatry. In empirical populations, females in recent populations exhibited stronger patterns of isolation-by-distance (IBD) than females and males in historic populations. In simulated populations, low-density populations had a stronger indication of IBD than medium- to high-density populations; however, this effect varied in empirical populations. Condition-dependent dispersal strategies may permit species to cope with novel conditions and rapidly expand populations. Pattern-process modeling can provide qualitative and quantitative means to explore variable dispersal patterns, and could be employed in other species, particularly to anticipate range shifts in response to changing climate and habitat conditions.

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History and Current Status of the Black Bear in Kentucky

Cited by 43 publications

References 38 publications

Home Ranges and Habitat Selection by Black Bears in a Newly Colonized Population in Florida

Home Ranges and Habitat Selection by Black Bears in a Newly Colonized Population in Florida

Resident Perceptions of Black Bear Management in South Central Kentucky

Spatial genetic structure in American black bears (Ursus americanus): female philopatry is variable and related to population history

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